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Youssef Ibn Tasufin

Youssef Ibn Tasufin ( 1009 ? - 1106 ) ( Arabic : - Yusuf BNU BNU Tfn Nacereddine Tlkkn did Sanhaji), also known as Youssef bin Tachfine King was a Berber. Date and place of birth are unknown.

He was the first king of the dynasty Berber of the Almoravids , who ruled over parts of Senegal and North Africa , and much of al-Andalus until 1147.

He belonged to a tribe sanhadjienne of the Sahara, Lemtouna , whose birthplace was in the Adrar in Mauritania. They traveled mostly desert regions stretching from southern Moroccan oasis in the land of black . In 1048, The Lemtouna coalesced under the leadership of a preacher Maliki , Abdullah ibn Yasin , and a local leader, Abu Bakr ibn Umar , and founded the movement Almoravid (in Arabic al-Murabitun, " people of ribat ).

He reigned from 1061 until his death in 1106. Around 1062 , he founded his capital Marrakech. It is from this city it will conduct its campaigns, including the Iberian Peninsula. The mausoleum is located in Marrakech Almoravids.

War in Andalucia

In 1086 , at the request of Mu'tamid al- Youssef, Sultan of the dynasty then Almoravid, comes to Spain to help tackle Alfonso VI , who invaded Zaragoza. It beats Alfonso the 2 November 1086 at Sagrajas (az-Zallaq) before turning against al-Mu'tamid. He captured Seville from Granada , from Almeria , in Badajoz and finally dismisses al-Mu'tamid in 1091 , sending him into exile in Morocco, where he died four years later Aghmat. Youssef then occupies the entire territory of al-Andalus.

He throws his heart on Valencia , including the future king, Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar , better known by his nickname El Cid, is located in Zaragoza.

In October 1092 , a handful of scouts Almoravids arrived under the walls of Valencia. Ibn Djehaf (CADI), a member of a senior Yemeni lineage, carried by the partisan crowd, took power in the city after killing al-Qadir.

Rodrigo, who was staying in Zaragoza, came to lay siege to Valencia and took the city in July 1093. Youssef temporarily surrendered thus seek reinforcements before reinvade Valencia. Political skill or warrior mentality, Rodrigo did not appear drawn to exercise power directly. He left the task of governing the city Ibn Djehaf the day before a rebel, and contented himself installed in the castle of Cebolla (Puig), collect the tax.

Rodrigo imposed a new seat, very severe, to the city in July 1094. After waiting in vain a last resort, Valencia, decimated by famine, capitulated on June 15 1094.

The conditions of the occupation were initially lenient. We respect the ownership of property and freedom of worship, Christian armies remained Extramural tax was cleverly limited, as was done, as and when they progress, the Almoravids, the tithe Koran.

Rodriguez himself took home in the suburb of Alcudia. Castilian nevertheless greatly reinforced its presence and further establishing itself supreme judge of Valencian. Things worsened after a new offensive Almoravid in October 1094. The enemy is defeated, the Christians hardened the occupation regime in proportion to the risk. Ibn Djehaf, tried for the murder of al-Qadir, was burned alive. Muslims, with the exception of a few notables, had to settle in the suburbs while the Christians lived in the walls.

The army reaches Almoravid Lisbon the same year. In 1098 , Youssef was appointed Prince of the Muslims, Defender of the Faith and ships of the Commander of the Faithful.

In 1102 , he again conquers Valencia, the Cid being dead for three years, beating his wife Ximena and the northern part of al-Andalus. Expansion stops when the valley of the Ebro. He named his son Ali heir to the throne.

Youssef died in 1106.