Wittenberg University

The University of Wittenberg , opened between 1502 and 1817 , is a German university which was especially notable at the time of the Protestant Reformation.

History

University of Wittenberg in the 19th century

On 18 October 1502 was inaugurated at the University of Wittenberg on the initiative of Prince Elector Frederick III of Saxony (says the sage). It was the first university to emerge on the territory of the Saxon duchies after the partition of Leipzig in 1485.

The foundation provides training for lawyers , of theologians and doctors needed to develop the principality of Saxony. Five years after its opening, the Elector Frederick spent the Wittenberg castle buildings, including the church, the new university.

The first rector of the university was Pollich Martin (1455-1513), assisted by the theologian Johann von Staupitz. Figures such as Andreas Bodenstein , of Carlstadt, made during the first students of the university. Staupitz was responsible for the vocation of a then unknown Augustinian monk, Martin Luther. A few years later, the university appealed to Nikolaus von Amsdorf, professor of theology and Philip Melanchthon , who taught Greek.

The organization and the university programs were inspired by the German universities of the time. But thanks to the independence granted him Frederick, the University could enjoy a special status and have its own jurisdiction. It then grew to become a center of theological reflection the most dynamic in Europe.

Martin Luther was received a doctorate in 1512 and taught theology. Here on the church door, he nailed his 95 theses against indulgences in 1517. Written in Latin , these proposals were translated into the vernacular, and through print, spread across Western Europe in the luggage of traders, hawkers and itinerant companions. Wittenberg became the center of the Protestant Reformation.

Creating a new university

The university was closed in 1813 by Napoleon. After the Congress of Vienna in 1817 , the Saxon duchies were incorporated into Prussia , and the University of Wittenberg merges with that of Halle (founded in 1694 ) to give the new Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg. The town of Wittenberg still keep Leucorea Foundation, the University campus located in Halle.

List of figures

(In chronological order of birth)

Theologians and Reform

• Andreas Bodenstein , Protestant reformer, * 1480 , 1541
• Johannes Bugenhagen , exegete , * 1485 , 1558
• Martin Luther , theologian and reformer, Bible translator in Germany * 1483 , 1546
• Bartholomus Bernhardi , theologian, * 1487 , 1551
• Johann Forster , theologian, * 1495 , 1558
• Philip Melanchthon , Hellenistic, theologian and reformer, * 1497 , 1560
• Caspar Cruciger the Old , Hebraist, translator of the Bible into German Martin Luther, * 1504 , 1548
• Johannes Aurifaber , theologian and reformer, * 1517 , 1568
• Solomon Gesner , theologian, * 1556 , 1605
• Josephus Adjutus , theologian, * 1602 , 1668
• Johann Andreas Quenstedt , theologian, * 1617 , 1688
• Bebel Balthasar , a theologian, * 1632, 1686
• Heinrich Leonhard Heubner , theologian, * 1780 , 1853

Men of Science

• Erasmus Reinhold , astronomer and mathematician * 1511 , 1553
• Georg Joachim Rheticus , astronomer, * 1514 , 1576
• Johann Hermann , MD, * 1527 , 1605
• Salomon Alberti , MD, * 1540 , 1600
• Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau (or Laurentius Scholtz), physician and botanist , * 1552 , 1599
• Vater Abraham , a physician and philosopher * 1684 , 1751
• Johann Matthias Hase , mathematician and cartographer, * 1684 , 1742
• Johann Christian Buxbaum (or Johannes Christianus), physician, botanist and explorer, christened 1693 , 1730
• Georg Rudolf Bhmer , physician and botanist * 1723 , 1803
• Johann Daniel Titius (Johann Daniel Tietz), astronomer, * 1729 , 1796
• Ernst Heinrich Weber , MD, * 1795 1878

Men of Letters

• Petrus Albinus , poet and historian, * 1543 , 1598
• Mikolaj Sep-Szarzyski , metaphysical poet of Poland, * 1550 , 1581
• Friedrich Taubmann , philologist , * 1565 , 1613
• August Buchner , president, philologist, * 1591 , 1661
• Georg Wilhelm Kirchmaier , philosopher, linguist, * 1673 , 1759

Jurists

• Ulrich von Mordeisen , jurist, statesman and diplomat, * 1519 , 1572
• Augustin Leyser , lawyer, * 1683 , 1752

Politicians

• Axel Oxenstierna , chancellor of Sweden, * 1583 , 1654

Fictional characters

• Dr. Faustus Tragedy in Faust , of Christopher Marlowe , is presented as a former student now a professor of theology.
• Prince Hamlet, Horatio, Rosencratz and Guildenstern are studying at Wittenberg ( Hamlet by William Shakespeare ).

See also

Related article

• Lutherstadt Wittenberg

External Links

• Homonyms: Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio

Notes

• Portal Renaissance
• Education Portal

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