West Bengal
22 34 '11 "N 88 22' 11" E / 22.5697, 88.3697
| West Bengal | |
|---|---|
 View of the State on the map of India | |
| Administration | |
| Country |  India |
| Status | State |
| Capital | Calcutta |
| Languages | Bengali |
| Geography | |
| Area Totale India % | Ranked 13 th 88 752 km 7.25% |
| Demography | |
| Population Totale (2001) India % | Ranked 4 th 80,176,197 inhab. 7.81% |
| Density | 903.37 inhabitants / km |
| Literacy (2001) Set Men Women | Ranked 18 th 69.22% 77.58% 60.22% |
change  | |
West Bengal is a State of India 's northeast. Its capital is Calcutta (Kolkata in Bengali , the official language of the state).
Summary |
History
Bengal came under control Muslim during the XIII century and became a region of prosperous industry and commerce at the time of the Mughal Empire in the sixteenth century. European merchants settled from the late fifteenth century and the British dominate the region from the late eighteenth century. Ever since the Bengal they will eventually extend their power over the greater part of India.
When India became independent in 1947 , Bengal was divided in two, the game is becoming predominantly Muslim Pakistan East - now Bangladesh - and the west mostly Hindu West Bengal India.
For the history of the region before 1947, see: Bengal
Subdivisions
West Bengal is divided into 19 districts :
- Darjeeling
- Jalpaiguri
- Cooch Behar
- Uttar Dinajpur
- Dakshin Dinajpur
- Malda
- Birbhum
- Murshidabad
- Bardhaman
- Nadia
- Purulia
- Bankura
- Hooghly
- North 24 Parganas
- Paschim Medinipur
- Howrah
- Kolkata
- South 24 Parganas
- Purba Medinipur
Politics
From 1977 to 2009 , the State was led by the Left Front , who repeatedly won democratic and all elections. The Chief Executive (Chief Minister) is Buddhadev Bhattacharya , and the governor Viren J. Shah.
Result of the 2004 legislative elections
- Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI (M) or CPM) - Communist Party of India (Marxist) 38.57%
- Regionalist 21.04%
- Indian National Congress Party or Congress - the Congress Party , centrist 14.56%
- Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) - Indian People's Party , nationalist 8.06%
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (in) , left 4.48%
- Communist Party of India (CPI) - Communist Party of India - 4.01%
- All India Forward Bloc (in) , left 3.66%
Geography
West Bengal is bordered by Nepal and Sikkim in the north-west by Bhutan to the north of Assam in north-east, Bangladesh to the east, the Bay of Bengal to the south of Orissa to the south southwest and Jharkhand and Bihar to the west. At the border of Sikkim and West Bengal extends the Singalila ridge, whose highest peaks are Mount Sandakfu, highest point in the state of West Bengal in 3636 m, followed by a peak salvation , which culminates at 3595 m.
Climate
West Bengal is located in tropical climate. The region consists mainly of plains, except the northern part of the Himalayas. Darjeeling in the north is famous for its tea. To the south, the delta Sundarbans on the Ganges is one component of the largest river delta in the world (the other part is in Bangladesh ). This region is famous for the Bengal tiger.
Economy
West Bengal is the third largest economy (2003-2004) in India after Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. In terms of income per capita, it ranks in twelfth place (2003-2004).
Demographics
The vast majority of people in West Bengal are Bengalis. There is a minority of Biharis scattered across the state, and the Sherpas are grouped around Sikkim. The Gorkhas of Darjeeling Nepali speaking campaign for a separate state, and achieved independence in Bengal in the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council.
Finally, there are groups called " tribal ", as the Garo , the Marma and Mru , who speak Sino-Tibetan languages , and Chakma , who speak a language the same sub-group called "Bengali-Assamese" of branch Indo-Aryan and Indo-European languages as Bengali.
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