Theological Liberalism
Theological liberalism means not strictly speaking a variant of liberalism (the latter which are not of historical and religious aspect of letting individuals freely in matters of religion), but several schools of thought religious influenced by liberal ideas or whether strive to some extent freely exploit religious traditions: liberal Catholicism , liberal Protestantism , Judaism , Islam Liberal ... We must oppose the fundamentalism and the fundamentalist.
Summary |
Men presence
- Rabbis , thinkers and theologians Jews : James Darmesteter , Elie-Aristide Astruc , Joseph Salvador
- Pastors and theologians, Protestant John Shelby Spong , Charles Wagner , Ferdinand Buisson , Felix Pecaut , Charles Renouvier , Albert Reville , Jules Steeg , Theophilus Bost , Matthew Waffles-Jules , Edgar Quinet
- Religious and Catholic theologians: Frederic Ozanam , Henri-Dominique Lacordaire , Alfred Loisy , Marie-Joseph Lagrange op
- Popes Gregory XVI, Pope Leo XIII, Pius IX, Pius X
The Haskalah
Source of Jewish liberalism.
The Liberal Islam
That is to say the Revival, Renaissance. The Islam also experienced a crisis of modernism that the Franco-British colonial and nationalist regimes and dictatorships did not fail to deploy. Most modernist thinkers in the sense that we mean modernist crisis in Western Christianity had to take refuge in the West and for many of them face the challenges of life, were silenced. In September 2002, the publication of Modernist Islam, 1840 - 1940 by Charles Kurzman has brought to light many unknown thinkers in the West and ignored the Dar el Islam because of compromise with the colonial regimes and dictatorships from the decolonization, in a Muslim world is not conducive to reflection in that the money oil advantage Saudi Wahhabism.
We note initially that the period of Muslim modernist crisis is almost identical to the period of the modernist crisis of Christianity. In a second step, note that these thinkers and theologians are divided over the entire geographical area of traditional Islam as that of the Muslim diaspora.
With decolonization and the collapse of the Soviet empire, the Muslim modernist crisis continues where it left off. We therefore distinguish two generations of liberal thinkers, that the crisis of contemporary modernism and contemporary theological liberalism. These theologians claim to the Sunnis as the Shia.
The liberal movement
On this aspect see: Klaus-Peter Blaser Society, Philosophy, Theology and Churches in the nineteenth century
- the liberal Catholicism
- the Judaism
- the Liberal Islam
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