Tannaim

Tannaim () is an umbrella term, broadly, the sages whose views are reported in the Mishna , or the restricted sense those who codified. Their era, known variously tannaitic or Mishnaic, therefore extends, by definition, the Second Temple period (about 520 FAC) or the beginnings of the CE to 200 CE, when the Mishna was closed in Academy of Judah ha-Nasi.
It includes (or followed) the era of Zougot (the "paired") and the Great Assembly , and precedes the period of Amoraim (doctors of the Talmud).

The term Aramaic tanna of (plural tannaim) is derived from shannah (), which also derives Mishna. It means "to repeat Origin of Tannaim

There are two schools:

• the school of Hillel , the defending some flexibility for fear of discouraging some astringency to the discipline required to enforce the Act
• the school of Shammai , much more literal and rigorous that some identify with the group of zealots.

According to the Talmud , the result after several centuries of work undertaken by Tannaim: "This and this are the words of the living God, but the halacha was fixed according to the school of Hillel"

The Tannaim are historical figures, some being mentioned in other sources than those attached to Judaism. However, what we know is very often taken from the Talmud , mixed with allegories, even miraculous stories. After the era of the Mishna , the term Tannaim designate "repeaters" in the true sense of the term, whose function will no longer innovate but to relate the lessons. These scholars do not always understand the lessons they brought.

Generation who lived during the Second Temple

• ^1st generation: Simon the Just and Rabbi ben Dossa Harkins
• 2nd Generation: Antigone, man Sokho
• ^3rd generation: Yossi Ben Yoezer and Yossi Ben Yohanan
• ^4th generation: Yehoshua ben Perahia and Nitai HaArbeli
• ^5th generation: Judah ben Tabai and Shimon ben Sheta'h
• 6 ^th generation Akabya bin Mahalalel, Shemaya and Abtalion
• ^7th generation: Hillel and Shammai , Rabbi Yohanan ben Bagbag; Nehounia Rabbi ben Haqani; Rabban Gamaliel the former ; Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel former.

Generations during and after the destruction of the Temple

• ^1st generation: Rabbi Eliezer ben Jacob, Rabbi Tsaddok, Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai , Rabbi Elazar Hamod, Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel II, Rabbi Ozer Hakohen Hananiah, Rabbi Hanina ben Dossa, Rabbi Hanina ben Teradion, Rabbi Hanina ben Hakhina and Samuel Little.
• 2nd Generation: Tarfon Rebbe , Rabbi Akiva , Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah, Rabbi Ishmael , Rabbi Yohanan ben Beroka , Rabbi Ishmael his son, Elisha ben AVOUYI , Rabbi Elazar ben Hisma, Rabbi Judah ben Tema, Rabbi Elazar and Rabbi of Bartota Matia ben Harash.
• ^3rd generation: Rabbi Meir , Rabbi Judah (bar Ilaya), Rabbi Yossi the Galilean, Rabbi Yohanan the sandal, Rabbi Elazar ben Chamoua, Shimon ben Azai , Shimon Ben Zoma , Rabbi Eliezer ben Jacob, Rabbi Halafta (putatif. ..)
• 4 ^th Generation: Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi , Rabban Gamaliel, his son, Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai , Rabbi Shimon ben Eleazar, Rabbi Ishmael ben R 'Yossi, Rabbi Yonatan.

Abba Saul , Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus and Rabbi Yehoshua ben Hananiah , disciples of Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai are not mentioned above.

Timeline and hierarchy of major Tannaim

The period of the Elders of the Mishna ( fourth century BCE - 200 CE )
Background	Revolt of the Maccabees Hasmonean Herodians The Great Revolt Destruction of Second Temple Revolt Exiles Bar Kokhba Revolt
The Great Assembly	Shimon Hatzadik Antigone Sokho
The Zougot	Yossi b. Yoezer & Yossi b. Yohanan Joshua b. Perahia & Nitai HaArbeli Judah b. Tabai & Shimon b. Shetah Shemaya & Abtalion Hillel & Shammai
The Tannaim	First Generation: A. Yonatan ben Uzziel R. Yohanan ben Zakkai R. Gamaliel the Elder R. Shimon ben Gamaliel I Second Generation: A. Gamaliel of Yavneh R. Eliezer R. Yehoshua R. Eleazar ben Arakh R. Eleazar ben Azariah Third Generation: A. Ishmael R. Akiva R. Tarfon R. Yossi Ben Zoma Ben Azzai Elisha ben AVOUYI Fourth Generation: A. Meir R. Yehuda R. Shimon Bar Yohai R. Yossi Ben Halafta R. Eleazar R. Shimon ben Gamliel II R. Nathan Fifth Generation: Rabbi (R. Yehudah ha-Nasi) Sixth Generation: A. Hiyya Rabbah R. Ochaya Rabbah Bar Kappara
Literature tannaitic	Mishnah Minor Treatment Baraita ( Tosefta Sifra Sifre Mekhilta DeRabbie Ishmael Megillat Taanit Seder Olam Rabbah Alphabet Akiva ben Joseph etc..)
Theological context	Chassidim Pharisees Sadducees Boethusiens Essenes Zealot Infiltrators Hellenized Jews ( Philo Jews of Elephantine Therapeutae ) Minaeans ( Nazarenes Ebionites Crinthiens Elcsates ) etc..

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