System Vicsimal
The system vicsimal (or vigesimal) is a numbering system using base 20. Twenty is the number of fingers and toes possessed humans. We can distinguish the system vigesimal pure, having only to the basic principle 20, and the system vigesimal part resulting from the combination of a base 10 with a base 20.
Summary |
History
Several counts are documented in written vicsimales Mesoamerica : that of the Aztecs , additive, and that of the scribes Maya of the Classic period, positional , particularly used to record dates (known as the Long Count) counted tun (year 360 days worth of account ). The latter has two sets of characters: figures of style, and point bar 'or numbers like' cephalomorphic ', each of these two sets of characters includes a zero (zero position).
In Europe , the origin of vigesimal system is poorly understood. Some think it has an origin pre-Indo-European, but he would most prevalent in the Middle Ages. It would have incorporated the Old French, where it was and came and said forms (30), two wines (40), two wines and tell (50), three wines (60), etc.. An old certificate, "VII vinz liverez and IIII" in the Laws of William 3, the eleventh century , may suggest an origin in Normandy , the system is recovering vigesimal also Danish. Linguists, however, traditionally a lean legacy of Gaul , the modern Celtic languages possessing or having possessed a count of twenty. But tens greater than twenty are actually unknown in Gaul, with the exception of a shape, perhaps Latinized to "thirty", or that form is not vigesimal.
From the late Middle Ages, it is replaced by the decimal system (thirty, forty, fifty, sixty), with the exception of the preceding twenty percent (eighty, ninety), and ten front that appears to have a mixed form (seventy). But in the sixteenth century, there were still acres as seven to eight twenty or ten September 20 Uses Today there is a more or less pronounced in several languages , particularly in Europe. But the decimal system is usually predominant, as few languages have words for 400, 8000, etc.. Vicsimal system is used: In base 20, twenty figures (graphics or signs) are used, ten more than in the usual decimal system. As with any radix greater than 10, the symbols to represent numbers beyond nine are obtained using the letters of the alphabet , starting with A for ten, and up to J for the number ten nine. We do track the number of 20, because the index used to indicate the basis used. Another scoring method used differs from the preceding only by the fact that the letter I is skipped to avoid confusion between I (corresponding to 18) and (corresponding to 1), and the number 18 is written and the number K 19 is written. As in any system of numeration, the number equal to the value of the base is written as 10, ie, written in base 20 10 20. With this notation, 20 20 = 40 10 (in effect, 2 20 = 40), DA 20 = 270 10 (because 13 20 + 10 = 270) = 100 20 400 10 (indeed, 20 2 = 400). The penny was the result of dividing by 20 franc (5 cents) in the same way that the shilling was worth one twentieth of a pound. Mathematics
Monetary
References
See also
1-9 unary (1) , binary (2) , ternary (3) , quaternary (4) , quinary (5) , senary (6) , number seven (7) , octal (8) , nonary (9) 
10-60 Decimal (10) , duodecimal (12) , tridcimal (13) , hexadecimal (16) , vicsimal (20) and sexagesimal (60) Other basis based on gold () Notions Basic figure number positional notation count
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