Sufism
Sufism ( Arabic : The meaning of the word Sufi
What is generally called "assumptions etymological "for this word are in fact only phonetic similarities "and that would be designated by the word Suffiyya. This second hypothesis is sometimes compared to ahl al -Saff ( . The fourth, it derives from al-souffat kaffa, or "soft sponge," referring to the pure heart of the Sufi and responsive . A fifth possibility is that Sufism comes from the Greek word sofia means "wisdom" .
According to Rene Guenon (Abdul Wahid Yahya) and according to an esoteric approach of Arabic letters, the hidden meaning of the word can be given that by adding the numerical values of letters in which it is formed. The word Sufi has the same number as El-el-Hekmah ilahiyah, that is to say the "Divine Wisdom", the true Sufi is one who possesses the wisdom, or, in other words, it is el bi'llah-Arif, that is to say "he who knows God, because God can be known only by Himself" .
Strictly speaking, the term Sufi refers to an individual managed to achieve complete spiritual, not aspiring to such an inner realization, which should be called ( The spirituality of Sufism
Sufi Muslims are people who are looking for internalization, the love of God , contemplation and wisdom. It is an initiatory organization and esoteric.
Often contrasted with mainstream Islam by the West and Muslims, and although in reality the old "ways" Sufi have been heavily promoted for teaching unorthodox, Sufism glad the mystery grows The idea is that Muhammad would have received along with the Koran that he would esoteric revelations shared with some of his companions .
As notable , Sufis fight in the name of Islam vice in all its forms, thereby showing just their desire for full implementation of Islamic laws: alcoholic beverages - wine especially - hashish , prostitution ... Their struggles have often turned against those who threaten to derail the spirituality of believers, including emirs licentious .
From the beginning of Islam, Abu Zar, for example, a companion of Muhammad , distinguished himself by his condemnation of the powerful, who earned her imprisonment by the powerful of his era .
Sufism has the objective of seeking the pleasure of God, the promotion of tawhid - "science of the oneness of God." It combines the sharia , Islamic law, and al-Haqiqa, the truth . Membership in the Qur'an is a necessary prerequisite to understanding the world . The rites are useless if not done with sincerity . For some vulgaris, Sufism preaches the existence of hidden knowledge (ilm al-batin) and an ideal of non-attachment to things of this world and the inner struggle against vice. This last point is verified, but the principle of ilm al-batin refers to acceptance by the heart of the verse could be translated as "nothing resembles God", and for which Al Hallaj was denied and condemned by Muslims as he claimed to be "confused" with God.
In Sufism, the Supreme Being is God, which is accessed - that is to say access to His good pleasure - for the love of Him . The snapshots western side of these theological truths, are numerous: the symbolism of the tree of knowledge represents the progress of meditation and wisdom , the barrier that separates man from God is symbolized by the mountain Cosmic (Qaf), an alleged invisible presence of God in the believer's heart, continued through the experience ascetic and the ecstatic union (in physical love in particular) that would achieve the love and knowledge the Creator.
Sufism is allied with the ascetic monastic Christian , religion Zoroastrian or Buddhist or Hindu , and ideas Platonic .
Practices
According to Jamal B. The question of recognition of orthodox Islam For the Sufis themselves, their way is recognized by the four legal schools ( madhhab ) Sunni History Sufis have organized themselves into brotherhoods (turuq, plural of tariqa , way, way) founded by spiritual teacher ( shaikh ) that were sometimes considered descendants of Muhammad through his cousin Ali and daughter Fatima Doctrine From the point of view of ideas, Sufism is a current esoteric and initiatory, who professes a doctrine stating that all reality has an apparent appearance (or exoteric zahir ) and an internal aspect hidden (esoteric or batin ). It is characterized by the search for a spiritual state that allows access to this hidden knowledge. This emphasis on intelligence has even led to the invention of artificial languages by the brotherhoods, the most important example is the Baleybelen. The first phase is that of rejecting the habitual consciousness, that of the five senses, by seeking a state of "drunkenness" spiritual, sometimes erroneously equated to a sort of ecstasy ; Sufis themselves speak rather of "extinction" ( al-fana ' ), that is to say, the annihilation of the ego to reach the consciousness of the presence of God's action. This first step is done, the Sufi must return to the outside world he had initially rejected, the lexicon of the Sufis designate this phase by different terms that correspond to all aspects of this second journey: al-baqa, the " subsistence or permanently, "the lucidity (sahw), return (Ruju ') to the creatures. This brief description is necessarily very schematic in nature: as shown in Sufi literature, this process is much more cyclical than linear, and the interpretation of the terms of the Sufi lexicon is inherently esoteric. As the Algerian Sufi master Ahmad Al Alawi : "How many times these phrases were used, as people know what people meant by that! Sufis speak of unity and distinction, without the others know what is going on, what are the union and the realization (Tahqiq), theoretically and otherwise than by faith. All they can say about it depends on their ability to imagine, for conceptual constructions (wahm) what these terms refer, since it is impossible to know until we did not reach God. " For example, another way of presenting the same process, from the Qur'anic terminology, is to describe various degrees of spiritual realization. The Sufis distinguish three phases in the elevation of the soul to the knowledge of God: first the soul ruled by his passions. The applicant for initiation, which is considered at this stage is called mourid ( Organization of brotherhoods Each Sufi master (shaykh) is surrounded by a group of followers and led a confraternity, or haqiqa, founded by a great master of past centuries. It has a method for the attainment of divine unity, and no one can question the validity of his teaching as long as it refers to Islam. The masters of Sufism have been an example of a religious life that does not need to focus on the official forms of worship, thus avoiding the outbreak of Sunni Islam among the various legal schools. Sufi religious persecution If Federico Gonzalez think that "virtually every Sufi martyrs died at the hands of fanatical religious authorities or literal legalistic, all convinced of being right and the official representative of Islam," others Criticism of Sufism heterodox Related articles
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Sunni Schools Chafisme Hanafi Hanbalism Malikism Movements Salafism Wahhabism Athari Achari Maturidi Ahbash Nation of Islam. African American Muslims Brotherhood Tablighi Jamaat Sufism Assawa Shadhiliyya Chishtiyya Mourides Naqshbandiyya Nematollahi Qadiriyya Rahmaniya Tidjaniyya Shiism Schools Usul. Akhbari. Jafari Movements Twelver. Rfidhites. Alevism. Yarsanism. Alawites. Shaikhism. Khojas. Isma'ilism ( Druze. Nizari. Mustaliens. Dawoodi Bohra ). Kaysanites. Zaidism Other currents Kharidjisme ( Ibadism Azraqites Sufrites Nekkarites ) Mu'tazilite Murjisme. Coranites. Takfirism Currents not always recognized Ahmadi Din-i-Ilahi Lahori Yezidism List of religious leaders today Division of the world in Islam Other topics related to Islam
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