The apostle John in the New Testament In the three Synoptic Gospels (Matthew and Luke Marc by incorporating theory from two sources , John appears in the top of the list of the twelve apostles ( Mk 3. 16-19 , 10 Mt. 2-5 and Luke 6. 13-16 ), with his brother Jacques said the Major. They are the son of Zebedee , fishermen of Lake Tiberias (known as "Sea of Galilee" and "Sea of Galilee), which as Simon Peter and his brother Andrew abandon their nets to follow Jesus ( Mk 1. 16-20 , Mt 4. 18-22 and Luke 5. 1-11 ). Mark states that Jesus nicknamed Boanerges, that is to say "son of thunder" ( Mk 3. 17 ).
They are Peter, and Jean Jacques accompanying Jesus on the mountain during the episode of the Transfiguration ( Mark 9. 2 , 17 Mt. 1 and Luke 9. 28 ).
It is also part of the disciples who accompany Jesus at the healing of the mother of Simon Peter ( Mk 1. 29 ), healing of daughter of Jairus the ruler of the synagogue ( Mk 5. 37 and Luke 8. 51 )
It is he who acts on behalf of the disciples who have stopped someone from doing miracles in the name of Jesus ( Mk 9. 38 and Luke 9. 49 ).
Jean Jacques and ask to be seated next to Jesus when he is in glory: Mk 10. 35-45. Pierre Jacques, Jean and Andre interrogate Jesus on the Mount of Olives ( Mk 13. 3 ), Jesus expressed his anguish at Pierre, Jacques and John Mc 14. 33.
Jacques and Jean ( Lk 9. 54 ), Peter and John ( Luke 22 8. )
In the Gospel of John
The Last Supper (detail)
His mother was Mary Salome
Often called "the beloved of the Lord", or the one whom Jesus loved, John the Apostle is considered the favorite Christ. Many representations of the Last Supper shows us the side of Jesus , listening carefully to the words of the Lord, sometimes closed his eyes to better listen to (The Last Supper painted by Dirk Bouts ). Indeed in the Gospel that is attributed to Saint John, he relates with great precision the words spoken by Jesus during the Last Supper (Speech Supper , chapters 14 to 17), and in particular the sending of the Holy Spirit or the Paraclete by the Father , .
John was one of three apostles (with Pierre and Jacques) to climb the mountain of Tabor, to witness the Transfiguration , where they beheld the radiant divinity of the Word in the body of Jesus when the Father said: "He This is my beloved son in whom I am well pleased: listen to him " .
When Jesus was arrested by the Roman soldiers, he followed him into the courtyard of the High Priest, and was present at the crucifixion and his agony in Gethsemane. Later writings also tell us that Christ on the cross, before making the soul's mission to John to look after his mother, the Virgin Mary. He greeted his home and was the last to remain in Jerusalem to serve.
The Christian story of John the Evangelist
After the Resurrection , it seems that John is gone to Samaria to preach with Peter, where he showed great enthusiasm to organize the young Church of Palestine. Fleeing the persecutions of the Romans, he left Palestine , and fled to Ephesus where he performs miracles and baptize many people.
Brought to Rome for presentation to the emperor Domitian , who had sent for, he showed his faith in Jesus Christ was stronger than all earthly powers. Tertullian says he suffered at Rome , at the Latin Door ( Porta Latina ), the torment of boiling oil, which would have enabled her virginity out unscathed. Having just been whipped before, his injuries could have even disappeared despite the hot oil.
The emperor sent him into exile on the island of Patmos , where he wrote the Apocalypse. On Patmos, mountainous island, lush at the time, John received a vision of Christ of the Apocalypse, majestic in appearance, dressed in white, the sword of the Word in the mouth. John kneels and is blessed by the appearance that said, "Now write what you saw this, and what will happen later" . Then he would have grandiose visions revealed what must happen at the end of time: increasing inequity, the coming of the Antichrist, his fight against the faithful and the ultimate struggle to finally lay still hell with the devil and his angels evil. He looked as the upheavals of World, consumption of everything in the divine fire, and the triumph of the Son of man, the resurrection of all the Last Judgement, and finally the descent to earth of the heavenly Jerusalem, holy city and everlasting, which God will dwell with men forever.
After the death of Domitian in the year 96 , Emperor Nerva allowed John to return to Ephesus, to the regret of the inhabitants of Patmos he had converted in large numbers.
Then the tradition keeps it alive for years to Ephesus , a city where he wrote his three Epistles and the Fourth Gospel or Gospel of John (the oldest track is the Papyrus P52 ) in the year 97.
He died at Ephesus in the year 101 , at the age of 98 years. He is buried in Selcuk , near Ephesus , where there was a basilica of St. John in ruins today.
St. John asleep sculpture attributed to Martin Hoffmann, linden wood, about 1515 Museum of Fine Arts in Dijon
Several representations of John the show in his hand a chalice from which emerges the head of a snake , with reference to the theme of John the snake (see the stained glass contemporary church Toulon-sur-Allier ).
Attributed to the Apostle John of many miracles:
- To prove to Aristodemus Ephesians and the superiority of Christianity over the worship of idols (see especially the Golden Legend ): summoned to drink a cup of poison he swallowed the contents of a stroke and is still absolutely no discomfort, while the two designated tasters to test the poison collapse blasted a few seconds (they will then be resurrected by the saint).
- Upon his arrival on the island of Patmos, there was a evil mage named Kynopse, served by numerous demonic minions. The priests of the temple of Apollo asked the latter to get rid of John, who was beginning to make conversions. John, by the mere power of his prayer to Jesus Christ, succeeded in driving the servants of evil mage, showing that the power of the latter was an illusion, and his prayer, the sea swallowed up the magician and prevailed as before Pharaoh launched in pursuit of Moses.
- At a party in devotion to the goddess Artemis , venerated as the inhabitants of Ephesus, John ascended the hill on which stood a large statue of the goddess and began to harangue the crowd pagan. She, furious, tried to stone him, but all the stones struck the statue that was torn to pieces, then the stones turned against those who continued to launch them. At the prayer of John, the earth shook and swallowed the most vindictive, but after that the crowd was begging John and appealed to his mercy, they came out again all the dens of the earth, worshiping the holy baptism and calling.
- John was arrested and taken to the temple of Artemis at an Imperial officer who was accused of evil magic and tried to kill him. Jean began to pray to God, and the temple collapsed without prejudice to any human life.
- During his journey from exile to Patmos , he cured by his prayers the soldiers of his escort were all dysentery, and arriving on the island, and healed by his prayers the son of a notable of the island, reached an "evil spirit", which allowed him to baptize the whole house upon arrival.
- Another day at Ephesus , surrounded by a crowd of followers and people, he blessed the remains of a particularly pious woman named Drusiana, and it revived.
- At the time of his death, he dug a pit and descends in praying to God. As soon as he finished his prayer, he is surrounded by a light so bright that nobody can watch it. Once the light disappeared, we found the pit filled with divine manna. Another version of his death means that he has been buried alive and covered with earth by his servants, but when his disciples came and tried to dig it up, it was gone. All thought that his body had been resurrected and had ascended to heaven, in the words of Jesus Christ meets Peter questioned him on John: "If I want him to stay until I get back what that to you? (John XXI: 22).
Related articles
References
- http://www.portstnicolas.org/Jean-Fils-de-Zebedee.html
- Chapter 14 v. 15-31: the Holy Spirit that the Father will send
- the Bible , Translation ecumenical , full text, paperback, 1979
- Matthew 17:5
- Apocalypse I: 17
- St. John 3.14, Jesus said to Nicodemus, "As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the Son of man be lifted up, that whoever believes in him may have eternal life"
- Jacques de Voragine , The Golden Legend , Gallimard , coll. " The Pleiade ", 2004, published under the direction of Alain Boureau, Chapter 9, pp 68-76.