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Siddur

The siddur (plural Heb. siddourim) formed from the root meaning "order" is a prayer book containing all of the daily prayers for days, the Sabbath and major texts of the most important holidays (mainly the Amida of pilgrimage festivals of Rosh Hashanah ).

In addition, it contains a number of liturgical texts, blessings in domestic use in the liturgy and the extracts of the Pentateuch read during services the morning of Monday and Thursday.

The siddur is the book most prevalent in households practicing Jews.

Siddur is a generic term, and there are different siddourim, one of Reform Judaism American example is different from that of orthodox U.S. and elsewhere have been several versions (1892, 1922, 1941, 1975) History

The prayers have long remained in that respect oral prohibits writing down the oral law. The priest knew them by heart.
Then, the number of additions and prayers increased, the officers had at their disposal rolls containing piyyutim and the passages inserted in the offices of major holidays. On the other hand, according to the Oral Law , simply answer amen to the officiating priest for having undertaken the obligation to recite a blessing or any other prayer.

The historical vicissitudes of the Jewish people (massacres, expulsions, etc..) And, subsequently, the creation of many Jewish communities outside Palestine and enrich the liturgy by many piyyutim and blessings, made it necessary to violate the and forbidden to copy these blessings. Thus to the second century AD came the siddur.

There are different Siddourim, not only at different times, but also according to the rite followed by the community from which it came.
Whatever nousa'h (rite), the siddur is structured more or less always the same way in the chronological order of the day, from sunrise to sunset.

Nousa'h

Every Jewish community has developed its own nousah (rite - Hebrew ). The three most important nous'haot ( Hebrew ):

  • Ashkenazi Jewish communities in Rhineland Franco, whose rite of Frankfurt is best known
  • Sfard for the communities of Eastern Europe, Polish-Russian, not to be confused with the following
  • Sephardic Jewish communities in North Africa.

Note that the Italian Jews have their own rite. Each of these three great rites includes a large number of subdivisions.

The movements of Progressive Judaism ( Reform Judaism , Conservative Judaism ,...) have also created their own Siddourim.

Example Sephardic

The Sephardic nousa'h (as variants), contains more or less the following prayers (reference Patah Eliyahu):

Full text

Daat portal allows online access to the full text of the Hebrew siddur for different nous'haot. External Links

References

  1. " Reforming Reform "by MICHAL LANDO, Jerusalem Post , September 30, 2007.

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