Sefer Ha Zohar
Sefer ha Zohar also called the Zohar, is one of the major works of Kabbalah Jewish. Written in Aramaic , fatherhood is discussed, originally attributed to Rabbi Shimon Bar Yohai , Tana's second century , academic research now considers it was written by Moses de Leon or his entourage between 1270 and 1280.
This is an exegesis of the esoteric and mystical Torah or Pentateuch.
Summary |
According to the Midrash , students of Rabbi Akiva is allocating responsibility for different parts of the Torah, and Rabbi Shimon Bar Yohai took responsibility for the secret doctrine. He would have written the Zohar with nine of his students in the cave Idra Rabba, as described in the book: "That's how I fixed things, noted Rabbi Abba, Rabbi Eliezer, my son, taught orally, and the remaining friends will speak in their heart ... "(Book of Zohar, Parashat HaAzenou). Immediately after it was written, the book was hidden in a cave, to reappear in the thirteenth century, at the time of Rabbi Moses de Leon. According to legend, the book would have left his cave with a merchant caravan, discovering the parchments, reportedly used to wrap the spices and the Zohar would he found in Spain. Moses de Leon would have discovered manuscripts on the market, then reassembled and reshaped them. At his death, his wife would finally sold the books for her husband to meet his needs, including the Zohar, finally revealed to the world.
Contemporary academic research attributes the authorship of the Zohar to Moses de Len himself, or a multiplicity of authors brought together in "circles" Kabbalistic scattered around him more or less close, which would have compiled the material for the book under distinguished name of Shimon Bar Yohai (the inauthentic, which has the advantage of increasing the importance of writing to readers while preserving the identity of the real author, threatened by political or religious institutions, was a practice already widespread and very ancient in medieval Jewish circles - indeed it would be anachronistic to lend to this kind of spiritual literature and symbolist historiographic desire for accuracy). The thesis of a medieval writing of the Zohar was originally supported by Gershom Scholem , and following him all representatives of academic research in this area.
There is no real way to decide, there are arguments for both options. These arise from quite different logics elsewhere, the academic approach aimed at removing any argument does not present a formal objective evidence (including any known version of the Zohar is earlier in the thirteenth century).
To conclude on the issue of authorship of the book, one could cite the HaSulam Baal , for whom the importance and depth of the book of the Zohar are such that they dwarf those of the author, whether Moses de Leon , Shimon Bar Yohai , or the prophets themselves The contents of the book This is an exegesis kabbalistic the Torah or Pentateuch. The method of the Zohar is in this passage: "Woe to him who believes that the Torah contains only common narratives and ordinary words as if it were so, we could still call our time a law much more wonderful ... It is obvious that in every word lies a profound mystery and the worlds top and bottom are weighed on the same scale (that is to say, but anything that comes from above is first of all, to become available, take a mortal coil). The angels sent down to earth did not they have taken human clothing, otherwise the world could not receive them? How, then, the Holy Torah, which is entirely designed for our use, could do without clothing? Well! The stories are the clothes ... There are men who, when they see one of their fellow well-dressed, merely the sight and take the garment to the body. A fortiori they do not look and they resent not the soul which is still higher than the body. This is so for God's law: his clothes are the narratives, the moral that emerges is his body, finally the hidden meaning, mysterious is his soul ... The simple clothes that do care and do not see what is below. Those who are seeking higher body. The wise and insiders, serving the King on high, consider only the soul that is the root of any law. So also for things above, there is a piece of clothing, body and soul. The soul of things is what relates to heaven ... " Dissemination of the Zohar from the thirteenth century, has contributed significantly to the development of different variations of the Kabbalah in the Middle Ages. The original language of the Zohar is Aramaic. It is an Aramaic rather difficult and quite different from the Talmud. Regarding translations in French, there are two, one is the translation of Jean de Pauly , who is actually a translation of the Latin translation of Pico della Mirandola. This translation was made in the late nineteenth century and was published after the death of De Pauly, the early twentieth century. This translation is quite controversial, however, it was long the only translation available. The second translation is the French translation of Charles Mopsik , academic reputation, which we have a translation more recent and more academic. His untimely death has left this unfinished translation. The Zohar is a complex and profound book that has provoked considerable comment from publication. There are four main comments: first, brief Massoretes HaZohar consists of short notes, the second half Matok dvash, commentary Chassidic and the third Peroush HaSulam, commentary in 18 volumes of the Zohar, written by the Baal HaSulam the mid-twentieth century, in which he translated the Zohar in Hebrew and comments by the Lurianic Kabbalah , and the fourth gold Yakar, written by Ramaker. Translations and commentaries
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Kabbalistic concepts Sephiroth Pardes Sod Merkabah Angels Kabbalah 
Hermeneutical methods { Gematria Temur notarikon Midrash four senses of Scripture Basic Texts Sefer Ha Zohar Sefer Yetzirah Sefer Habahe Personalities Isaac the Blind Isaac Luria Moses de Leon Moses Cordovero Moshe Chaim Luzzatto Gershom Scholem Miguel de Cervantes. Eliphas Levi Paul Vulliaud Sabbatai Zevi Baruch Ashlag Abraham Abulafia Carlo Suares Marc-Alain Ouaknin Other Hasidism Safed
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