Scripturalist
The scripture and said a religious attitude of refusing to take other religious commandments as those existing in the sacred texts. Oral traditions and interpretative providing additional commands are rejected.
In the area of Christianity and Judaism , is based on the scripture and some quotes from the Bible as "Now, Israel, listen to the statutes and judgments which I teach you. .
Summary |
The scripturalism in Judaism
Even before the Christian era fought two conceptions. For the movement of the Pharisees , there was a Torah (religious law) Oral given to Moses on Mount Sinai together with the written Torah (the text of the Pentateuch ). It therefore does not contradict the injunction "You shall not add to what I command you." Found in the oral Torah (compiled in the fourth and fifth centuries in both Talmud ) of additional commands and interpretations of unclear passages in the Hebrew Bible.
Some flows related to Jews or Judaism by cons have refused the oral Torah , and rested solely on the biblical text. These include:
- The Samaritans , a movement emerged to date poorly defined, but no later than the fourth century BCE.
- The Sadducees , the power embodied by the priests of the temple in Jerusalem before the destruction of it in 70 AD.
- The Karaism a stream identified in the eighth century AD.
Other well known currents evoked by the Talmud , also appear to have existed.
More recently, we note the emergence in nineteenth-century currents of said Reform Judaism. They were originally rejected the Talmud in an attitude typical scripturalist. Over time, this rejection has faded, and different sensibilities have emerged, giving a value ranging from small to large in the oral law. It is not as sacred as in Orthodox Judaism.
Despite the report is the only entry, the currents above may have quite different positions. This is due either to interpretations of the biblical text in opposition either to differences over what to write. Thus, the Sadducees rejected the resurrection of the dead, later accepted by the Karaites, Sadducees rejected because the books of the prophets referring to this resurrection.
The scripturalism in Christianity
The primitive Christianity did not accept the oral law of Judaism Pharisee of the first century, when it first appeared. It is originally a stream which can be described in a measure of scripturalist. To a certain extent only, because the rejection of ritual rules defined in the Levitical (such as the prohibition of pork , the rules of sacrifice ,...) initiates the beginning of an interpretative tradition hesitating not to question certain aspects of the text.
Over time, Christian churches have developed standards interpretations of the biblical text and customs they have tended to regard as sacred.
It is against this approach that has high Protestantism in the sixteenth century. This has challenged the cult of saints, the rule of Pope , the existence of purgatory , the existence of religious orders, all essential points of faith Catholic , but totally absent from the Christian scriptures ( Old Testament and New Testament ). Protestants wanted to return to a more literal interpretation of sacred texts.
In Eastern Europe, Moloques or Molokans scripturalists attitudes adopted in implementing the requirements of such Levitical generally ignored by other Christians.
Limitations scripturalism
In practice, currents scripturalists religions based on the Bible have made interpretations of unclear passages of text, thereby developing a religious tradition not based strictly on writing.
Christians, even the most scripturalists Protestants, almost always feel that religious laws (eg food) in the Old Testament are canceled and do not practice them. However, it was seen ancient Christian groups ( Ebionites ) or modern ( Judaism Messianic ) Jewish law resume of the Old Testament , such as circumcision and dietary laws, to be closer to the text. But that loyalty may pose some problems, even as a structuralist, as some texts contradict each other. This is true of Paul's Epistles rejecting the Jewish laws of Leviticus. Why the Ebionites rejected the writings of Paul.
The Karaites have resolved the contradiction between respecting the text and its inevitable interpretations indicating that all interpretations were capable of questioning, they were essential but evolving as the text was fulfilled.
Protestants generally have relatively well accepted the existence of different interpretations, giving rise to a rich variety of religious groups. Some groups, however, tended to sanctify their interpretation of texts, and to excommunicate the other Protestant groups, arresting and a religious interpretation is not strictly literal.
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