Salafi

Salafism is a movement Sunni claiming a return to Islamic origins, based on the Quran and Sunnah. Today the term refers to a composite movement ^Origins

The desire to recover the Salaf Islam in its purity is not new. The word Salaf, Muslim theologians refer Muhammad and his companions (particularly the first four caliphs ), and the two generations that followed. The expansion of Islam is generally attributed to the purity of their faith. "Therefore, every time that Muslim societies will find themselves facing an economic crisis, political or social, some theologians advocated a return to the Islam of the Salaf

. "Therefore, Salafism is an ideology whose political and religious thought will be widely disseminated successively by the main preachers of the modern Saudi state, leading clerics Mohammad Ibrahim al-Sheikh Abdul Aziz bin Baz and Muhammad ibn al-'Uthaymin . "

One common theological currents Salafists

The various strands themselves as Salafi movement for the revival of Islam through a return to the faith of the origins of the "pious predecessors". They reject what they perceive as human interpretations after the revelation of Mahomet. So this is a reform movement that condemns both practices of popular Islam, accused of being "superstitious", but also much of the Muslim theological reflection, considered the carrier of "innovations ', that is to say, creations of the human mind away from the divine message. Salafists also refuse all Western influence, especially democracy and secularism, which they accuse of corrupting the Muslim faith.

As Bernard Rougier, "the Salafists emancipated from the tradition established by the law schools, and invent a new Islam . They built, in fact, a new reading of Islam, literally. This interpretation affirms that rely on the Quran, and Sunnah , that is to say all the hadiths , the words and facts lent to Muhammad and his companions. The Salafis claim and emulate Muhammad in all, including how they dress or eat.

Besides this denunciation of what they consider as "innovations" over the Koran and the Sunna, the various Salafist currents insist on the principle of Tawheed, Tawheed. God is the one and only creator (Tawhid rububiya, uniqueness in the manor). Any act of worship must go to him alone (Tawheed uluhiya, uniqueness in the worship). All names and divine attributes which appear in the Qur'an and Sunnah are accepted, but are not treated as metaphorical or anthropomorphic (Tawheed Asma WAS Sifat, unique in its names and attributes).

The various contemporary trends Salafists

Salafism preaching

This trend Salafi, developed especially by imams near the Saudi regime, rejects jihadist way that seeks to impose an Islamic regime by violent and revolutionary action. This path seemed doomed to failure. One of the great figures of this trend from the 1960s until his death in 1999, Sheikh Muhammed Nacer ad-Din al-Albani , and stated that "It is part of the The Salafi Jihadist

This movement of Salafism refuses to restrain the religious preaching and makes jihad the heart of its activity . For these Salafi, Salafist the traditionalists favor preaching alone, especially near the Sheikhs of Saudi authorities as Ibn Baz and Ibn 'Uthaymeen , became seen as hypocrites in the pay of the United States. On the other hand, these Salafi critics more Muslim Brotherhood who are sentenced because of their faith deemed insufficiently literal and, for the most moderate of the Brothers, for their involvement in the political game of state considered impious to be eliminated by force .

This trend continues then a violent revolutionary strategy which aims to overthrow the States in Muslim countries to establish an Islamic state by force. This also leads them to undertake violent actions against Western countries perceived as supporters of these states, particularly the United States.

Critics of Salafism

Within the Muslim world, the Salafi movement is the subject of contemporary criticism. He was accused, in particular, have a narrow understanding of the various religious texts, including the Koran and the Sunna, promoting a literalist approach, and ignoring the context of writing and the spirit of these texts .

One other criticism is that this movement sometimes tries to impersonate the mainstream of Islam is Sunni, yet this is an "illusion" because they are very influential on the Web and because they are "helped" and "supported" by the Saudi government with religious affairs are run by Salafis scholars despite the fact that the majority of people in Saudi Arabia are Sunni Muslim school Hanbali.

References

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