Sainte Marie Aux Mines

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
The main street of St. Marie-aux-Mines
Administration
Country	France
Region	Alsace
Department	Haut-Rhin
Borough	Ribeauvill
Canton	Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines ( chief town )
Common Code	68298
Postcode	68160
Mayor Current term	Claude Abel 2008 - 2014
Intermunicipal	CC du Val d'Argent
Demography
Population	5536 inhab. ( 2008 )
Density	122 inhabitants / km 2
Demonym	Saint-Marien
Geography
Contact	48 14 '51 "North 7 11 '05 "East / 48.2475, 7.18472222222
Altitudes	Min. 326 m - max. 1210 m
Area	45.23 km 2

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in German ) is a common French , located in the department of Haut-Rhin and the region Alsace. Its inhabitants are called "Saint-Marien".

Geography

The upper valley, to the neck of Bagenelles

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines leans in the Vosges Mountains and occupies a beautiful valley where flows the V Liepvrette emerging. Downstream, Sainte Marie-aux-Mines joined three tributary valleys which thread their way through the mountains of the three Rombach: The Little Rombach, Grand and Rombach Rombach-le-Franc.

Lorraine can be reached by the nearby Col de Sainte-Marie (772 m) and the Maurice Lemaire tunnel , and the neck of Bagenelles (903 m) leads to the Col du Bonhomme and ridge road. The neck of the Top Ribeauvill (742 m) gives direct access to the town district , 20 km, but the city of Selestat in the Lower Rhine is only 22 km from the valley and is an attractive level. Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is bordered on both sides by high mountains which form the chain of the Vosges. The river, the Liepvrette that the ancient inhabitants named the Landbach is to say the creek provincial once separated the city into two parts and two distinct parishes, one of which depended on the diocese of Strasburg in the archiprtrise chapter or rural Selestat. This capital of the canton in the upper valley of the Liepvrette is located at the intersection of highway 59 which passes through the Col de Sainte Marie aux-Mines (772 m) and D 48 that passes through one of Bagenelles (903 m). Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, known in German or Markirch Mariakirch and, in Year II of the Republic, and Val-Libre Mont-aux-Mines is 360 meters above sea level documents Latins called it Fanum S. Mariae, S. Maria Fodinas ad. The valley of Saint-Marie aux Mines, now called the Val d'Argent includes five municipalities: Aubure , Lipvre , Rombach-le-Franc , and Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines. Established in 1790, he temporarily subdivided between 1795 and 1802, two, one confined to the town of Sainte-Marie, the other comprising the other four municipalities with as capital, St. Croix-aux-Mines. The valley of Saint-Marie aux Mines is part of the Borough of Colmar , to pass in 1871 than in Ribeauville. Since the Revolution several villages were annexed to Sainte Marie-aux-Mines Saint-Blaise, Fertrupt, chry the Rauenthal and Little Lipvre.

Overlooking the entrance to the town of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines

Deviations and localities

Altenberg, Adelspach, Bourgondi, Brifosse, Cte d'chry, chry, Faunoux, Fenarupt, Fertrupt (formerly Fordelbach), the High Broque the Haycot Hergauchamps, Little Lipvre (Kleinleberau) Mongoutte, Little High, the Rauenthal (Fond-nu), Saint-Philippe, Saint-Pierre on Haste, Surlattes (Zillhardt)

River

The coat of arms of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines

Blazon Party: the first silver three escutcheons gules, a second gold on a bend gules three eagles silver, which is Lorraine, over all sand with a hammer and chisel to a minor money in saltire. Comments: The current coat of arms granted on 28 July 1892 recall both belong to both the town and mines to which Sainte Marie-aux-Mines had formerly famous.

In the Armorial of the Generalitat of Alsace , the arms of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines are blazoned as follows: Azure, a Notre Dame money putting his feet on a mountain of gold. On the letterhead stationery of the town hall official, we see any other weapons: they are formed by the arms of Lorraine, weapons of Ribeaupierre and the heraldic emblem of minors and can thus emblazoned: party money Gules three crowns is Ribeaupierre, and gold on a bend gules three eagles of money that is in Lorraine, with an abyss, a shield of sand miners on two hammers in saltire of money raised.
These well made weapons to heraldic point of view and reproduced in color on the stationery of the town hall before the war, evoking perfectly the geographical and political situation of the city as it was until the Revolution, and the industry that made his reputation. The arms of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines have varied. Those attributed by the arms of General Louis XIV Part Alsatian were talking: "Azure a Notre Dame money posing feet on a mountain of gold." The Alsatian side which belonged to the Lords of Ribeaupierre and Lorraine side of the city was united under the Revolution, Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in the nineteenth century adopted a party silver three escutcheons Gules ( Ribeaupierre ) and Azure a cross of Lorraine money. After the reunification of Alsace and Lorraine part of the city in 1790 the seal was created on the dexter (right arms of France, three fleurs-de Lys gold on an azure field. On the sinister left, a fish swimming toward the dexter. A few months later, the lilies are gone, only the fish remained, then disappeared in turn.

The town of Sainte-Marie holds the Croix de Guerre 1914-1918 with Palm (Mention in Dispatches Army 2 November 1921) and the Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 with the Star of vermeil (quoted in Order of the corps).

Bans communal

Short separation of the four hamlets

End of 1792 , few people taking advantage of the disorder that had slipped in the administration , obtained in 1793 that Fertrupt, Saint-Blaise, and Little chry Lipvre were incorporated into two separate municipalities. The town of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines brought the case to the district office, which quashed the order of 27 Pluviose of the Year II which granted the separation. The hamlets were turned in their turn before the National Convention against the decision of the Executive Board. The claims of four schedules were reversed by an Act of 4 Vendemiaire of the year III. In the range of their short separation, the rural sections is made award, instituted in any court against the state, property that belonged to the Prince de Deux-Ponts, which had been usurped by the former lord feudal to the detriment of the inhabitants of places. The robberies have struck indiscriminately all members of the hamlets of Fertrupt, Saint-Blaise, and Little chry Lipvre, which then formed a single community.

chry

Reach the annexe chry via the provincial road 48 towards the neck of Bagenelles. This hamlet is required since the Treaty of Burgfried signed on December ist, 1399 by Ribeaupierre. This treaty was signed between I and Maximin Schassmann for Ribeaupierre and Frederick Hattstatt for the Duke of Lorraine. chry is now an annex to the town of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines, which formerly bore the name of Hoh-Eckerick to differentiate it from that named Alt-Eckerik (Old chry) founded in the ^tenth century by Monks of the Abbey Gorze came to found a priory, which became known as the Priory of Belmont. The monks later discovered mines in the area they exploited, which gave them significant resources. These mines aroused tremendous greed on both the Alsatian Lorraine. It is probably for them from a variety of appetites that the monks of the priory of Belmont yielded to the noble chry believed to be original Lorraine. Waffler Henry, provost of Selestat and Jean d'chry accordrent in 1317 at the Abbey Baumgarten cure of Saint-Guillaume located in Saint-Blaise and the tithes that were attached to the implantation of Lutheranism. The chry were the principal owners of the Valley Lipvrette to extinction occurred in 1381. The valley will then be shared between the Duke of Lorraine and Ribeaupierre. The Treaty of Burgfried in 1399 will endorse this division between Schassmann ^I and Maximin for the part of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines is located right on the Liepvrette and the hamlets of St. Blaise, Fertrupt and chry. The other half, including the villages of Sainte Croix-aux-Mines , Lipvre and Rombach-le-Franc and the left part of the Liepvrette including Sainte Marie-aux-Mines, passed into the hands of the dukes of Lorraine. The Dukes of Lorraine to the noble fief their part of Hattstatt. In 1507 the Ribeaupierre ceded their rights as a stronghold on this part of the Val de Lipvre the prince abbot Achac of Murbach Abbey and its church. This division exists in the valley for four centuries until the Revolution. For a short time become chry with St. Pierre-sur-l'Hte an independent municipality until the Revolution when it is united with the town of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines.

Fertrupt

Part of Fertrupt

German Fortelbach formerly Forellenbach is a hamlet that is located 3 km from the southern outskirts of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines, which was once the principal seat of the mines in the Val d'Argent. Sebastian Munster , the famous cartographer of the ^sixteenth century says that in his time, Sainte Marie-aux-Mines operate sixteen silver mines. This appendix depended before the Revolution of the Lordship of Ribeaupierre and took birth near the old train station (the first) of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines. The village is crossed by a road that can go through the neck of Ribeauvill , in this city, or Aubure and thence to Frankland and the Valley of Kaysersberg. At the northern end of Fertrupt, there are two small valleys called "The Bourgondi" and "Fischtal. This hamlet was the ^sixteenth century a large city with 1,200 homes and 72 hostels because of mining in this area. The large number of houses due to the presence of many minor foreign Saxon origin had to be housed. These miners Saxon had a reputation for being heavy drinkers who often causes disputes and other indecency. However, they were skilled workers bitter.

Fertrupt was the headquarters of mining in the Val d'Argent. He had even medieval a courthouse and a hospital , a large church , several foundries and other buildings used to operate a twenty mines and a castle feudal. This castle is also called "Burg zu Fertru" was surrounded by a moat of water fed by the river formerly called the Fortelbach Forrellenbach. There was also significant in this hamlet farm occupied by a steward who governed the property of Lords of Ribeaupierre but also of justice and finance of the region. The former estate of Ribeaupierre became in 1790 the property of the town of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines, which was sold in 1835 to the dyer Riboud for the sum of 13,000 francs. Fertrupt was completely destroyed during the passage of the Swedes during the Thirty Years War. It was in 1634 that the village was totally destroyed by fire. Alone have been spared the church, rectory and school. In the nineteenth ^century Fertrupt a hundred houses were occupied primarily by farmers and workers in the textile industry which had taken over from the mining industry. Above the village are still an old chapel built in the early ^sixteenth century which has since undergone a renovation by volunteers during the years 1984 to 1986. Adjacent to this chapel is found a small cemetery in which lie the inhabitants of this hamlet.

Saint-Blaise

This hamlet was known in history under different names: Sancto Blasio, Sanct Blasy, Pless St., St. Blatz and German Sackt Blasien. The existence of this ancient village has been known since the ^eleventh century , from a deed signed in 1078 by the Duke of Lorraine, who delivered the tithes of St. Blaise at Priory Lipvre . Another agreement on the structure and coverage of this church were held on Tuesday, the day before the St. Lawrence by William Ribeaupierre with his "Werkmeister". A few years before the construction of the Church of St. William, the inhabitants of St. Blaise, subjects lord of Ribeaupierre, had some trouble with the Abbey Baumgarten who exercised a right of patronage to the parish of Saint-Guillaume . The Abbe Obrecht had accused them of stealing their profit one quarter of the tithes collected by them and that the abbot claimed in full in his capacity as patron and lord of the parish. Residents formulated a claim to their lord asking him to intervene. Guillaume de Ribeaupierre after information, agreed with Father Baumgarten 26 August 1494 , an arrangement whereby it was agreed that residents had never kept for themselves a quarter of tithes, but had always employee, as the product of donations , beautification of the church. It was therefore agreed that a quarter of tithes would continue to be allocated to the saints and the church as in the past. In addition, two keys were given, one would surrender to the lord of Ribeaupierre and another to the Abbot of Baumgarten, we would occasionally lifting the trunk and the fourth penny of its contents would acquired for the saints and the lighting of the church, the three other moneys accruing to the abbot and three-fourths of the tithes. The warden will prepare each year a faithful account, no theft or fraud , revenue from all sources as the abbot of that lord of Ribeaupierre Baumgarten . Tithes and the right of patronage of the church of Saint-Guillaume had been given to the convent of Baumgarten, the Cistercian order, by the lords of Eckerich in 1317 . This donation was confirmed on 15 of the Kalends of September 1323 at the request of Abbot Berthold, a letter from the bishop of Strasbourg, Jean 1, licensor and incorporating Baumgarten Abbey Church of Saint William Parish Alt-Eckerich .

In 1581 , the church of St. Blaise, with all the property, was given to the Lutheran community by Count Eberhard of Ribeaupierre.

In 1941 the hamlet of Saint-Blaise had a hundred inhabitants.

The Little Lipvre

German Klein-Leberau is located about 4 km south - west of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines is part of the town of Sainte Marie-aux-Mines. Little Lipvre was the cradle of Amish and its founder Jacob Amman.

History

See the article History of Saint Marie-aux-Mines

Culture

• Country label art and history of the Val d'Argent:

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is a part, with Sainte Croix-aux-Mines , Lipvre and Rombach-le-Franc , the label of Art and History of the Val d'Argent (= Val Lipvre ) signed with the Ministry of Culture and Communication in October 2005. This label recognizes the wealth of local heritage and the particular history of the Val d'Argent and its town center. Animations are carried towards the residents, schoolchildren and tourists. The aim is to transform the image of the Val d'Argent in particular through a better knowledge of its history. As such, tours are conducted from May to November throughout the territory.

Administration

Baptistery located inside the church of Sainte Madeleine

Statue of a minor placed on top of the Tower of Pharmacy

Demographics

Education

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines College of Public Secondary Education, College Jean-Georges Reber and a public high school of general education and vocational high school Louise Weiss.

Places and monuments

Marker Bridge Bonduron dated from 1722

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Old Fountain

Chapelle de la Madeleine

• Mining Heritage: St. Louis Eisentr mine, mine and Gabe-Gottes mine St. Bartholomew, "Faunoux", "Jakobssmatten", "Kesseklweis-Stanne", "Lemithal", "Rain of the Clock," "Rauenthal" " Steinkoepfel "," Hirtzenberg "," Neuenberg "- Networks and remains underground area - Listings 20 December 1994.
• Marker: Located on the deck of Bonduron Street in the old post, this marker dated 1722 marked the border between Lorraine and Alsace. This bridge was the only way to cross the Liepvrette a suzerainty to another. This terminal is sealed in the parapet, in the middle of the bridge. It consists of a cross with double crosses, more commonly known as the Cross of Lorraine "and the other the arms of Ribeaupierre.
• Lutheran Chapel Fertrupt: This chapel built in the late ^sixteenth century was a place of worship for minors. We still see the hammer and chisel carved above the portal. The Renaissance-style building retains some vestiges of the Church-on-Pr: the pulpit, railing, tombstone of Christian Schwengsfeld ( 1 685 - 1 740 ) or the paschal lamb. The chapel was restored by volunteers in 1986.
• Chapel St. Matthew: This chapel is mentioned since 1634. It was originally dedicated to St Nicolas. In 1793 this chapel was sold as national property to a particular Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines named Mathew who uses it as a warehouse. In 1824 , the heirs to donate to the parish Sainte Madeleine , then it is restored. The chapel retains a large carved altar probably from the former convent of the Cordeliers.
• Lacour Castle: located 237 rue Clemenceau is a former home of industrial classified since 25 May 1999
• Chapel of the old cemetery, 9 rue du Docteur-Melhenbeck. There are murals. Ranking of 6 December 1898 - Joined March 22 1934

• chry Tower miners - Registered 22 March 1934. Overlooking the hamlet of chry, the tower served as a prison for minors and juvenile court in the sixteenth ^century.

• Gardens, 3, rue des Jardins - Gate of the ^seventeenth century - Joined March 22 1934

• Door of the ^seventeenth century, 1, rue Jean-Paul Kuhn - Filed March 22 1934

• Church of Saint-Pierre-sur-l'Hte - Submission 15 November 1932

• City Theatre: 2, rue Osmond - Registered 16 July 1997

• Blech House, 29 Street Reber - Submission 20 December 1988 - Filed March 23 1998

• Reform Temple, Temple Street - Filed January 13 1994

• Space Museums in Val money: Mineralogical Museum, Textile Museum and Museum of Mining Heritage

• Temple: Table commemorating Michael Paira (XIX ^century) the pastor and his son Christophe Merian (XVIII ^century)

• Door dated 1596 , 8 rue Weisgerber - Registered 22 March 1934

• The parish church of Saint-Louis: The St. Louis Catholic Church was built in 1673 with a grant from the King of France, Louis XIV. However, it has survived the space of one hundred sixty-two years. She was replaced in 1846 to make way for the present church.

Towards the ^sixteenth century, when Protestantism began to enter the portion of land belonging to the lordship of Ribeaupierre, three Catholic churches stood in the Alsatian Lipvre Valley: the church of Saint -Pierre-sur-l 'Haste (given to the Protestants in 1561), the Chapel of St. Blaise (who later served minors Lutherans of St. Blaise) and the church on the lawn (occupied by minors Lutheran St. Marie). Of the three churches, only the first two still exist, the third disappeared in 1881.

Personalities linked to the common

Wagon used by miners

Monument to Michael Paira

The Lipvrette in Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines

• Andre Aalberg , French Resistance, Liberation companion
• Jakob Amman , founder of the Amish.
• Jules Bourgeois
• Robert Bourgeois , Executive Vice-President of French Senate
• Rodolphe Burger (Kat Onoma)
• Jacques Higelin
• Francis Camerlander
• Jean Nicolas Cornet
• Jules Degermann
• Laure Diebold (1915-1965) resistance, a place in the town bears his name
• Jules Drach (1871-1949), mathematician
• Sylvain Dufour
• Isidore Finance
• Peter Fluck
• Charles Gruss. Founder of the dynasty Gruss ^References
  1. This act is sometimes suspected. It was forged by the monks of Lipvre.
  2. departmental archives of the Haut-Rhin rating E.2064
  3. Baumgarten Bongars, abbey located near Andlau and completely destroyed in 1525 by peasants.
  4. Archives du Bas-Rhin, G.1552 - parchment bearing the seal on wax red, Wilhelm und zu Hohenach Rappoltz Herre, the shield quartered, first and fourth in three patches of Ribeaupierre, second and third of the lions of Geroldseck
  5. Archives du Bas-Rhin G 117.
  6. Archives du Bas-Rhin G 91.
  7. http://cassini.ehess.fr/ population by commune before 1962 (results published in the Official Gazette or kept in the departmental archives)
  8. INSEE: Population from 1962 census
  9. History of the dynasty Gruss

  See also

  Related article

  • Liepvrette (river)
  • List of municipalities of Haut-Rhin
  • Brownfield
  • History of Lead Poisoning
  • Mine
  • Metallurgy
  • Lead
  • Silver
  • History of silver mining

  External Links

  • (En) Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines on the website of the National Geographic Institute
  • (En) Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines on the site of INSEE
  • (En) Historical Society of the Valley of Lipvre

  Alsatian cities
  Altkirch Barr Benfeld Bischheim Bischwiller Bouxwiller Brumath Brunstatt Cernay Colmar Eckbolsheim Ensisheim Erstein Geispolsheim Guebwiller Haguenau Hoenheim Hochfelden Horbourg Wihr Huningue Illkirch-Graffenstaden Illzach Kingersheim Lingolsheim Lutterbach Molsheim Mulhouse Mundolsheim Munster Mutzig Obernai Ostwald Pfastatt Reichshoffen Reichstett Ribeauvill Riedisheim Rixheim Saint-Marie-aux-Mines St. Louis Sausheim Saverne Schiltigheim Slestat Soultz-Haut-Rhin Strasbourg Thann Wasselonne Wintzenheim Wissembourg Wittelsheim Wittenheim

  • Portal of the Upper Rhine
  • Portal communes of France

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