History Early history
The city of Ramallah was founded in the mid-fifteenth century by Haddadens tribe outcome of Christian Arabs Ghassanids. The Haddadens, led by Rashid Haddaden, arrived in eastern Jordan , near the site of the contemporary city Jordanian Chawbak. The migration of this tribe is due to the many battles and tensions between the clans of this region. According to local legend, the brother of Rashid Sabri's Haddaden, welcomed the Emir Ibn Kaysoom, head of a powerful clan Muslim , when Sabri's wife gave birth to a daughter. By custom, the Emir offered her to marry her infant son when they were both adults. Sabri believed that this proposal was not serious, intermarriage between Christians and Muslims is rare bit, and gave him his word. Years later, when the Emir came to see Haddadens keep their promise, they refused. This sparked a bloody war between two families. The Haddadens fled westward and settled in the hills of Ramallah, where some Muslim families already lived.
Installing Christian
Christian family from Ramallah in 1905
Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Ramallah grew into an agricultural village, thus attracting more people (especially Christians) throughout the region. In the early eighteenth century, the first church Orthodox Arabic is built, then another in 1807. There are between eight and nine-hundred-hundred inhabitants in 1838 . The Church of the Epiphany , built to replace the old one in 1852 , is the only Orthodox church in Ramallah today. During this decade, the Catholic Church established in the city, becoming the second largest Christian group in Ramallah. It establishes the girls' school St. Joseph High School and the mixed al-Ahliyyah, run by nuns of the Rosary. The Quakers English arrived in 1869 and opened a girls school and a boarding of a dozen boys in 1901 .
Early twentieth century
Ottoman authorities in 1901 built a new road from Jerusalem to Nablus through Ramallah and Al Bireh. Christian youth of the city began to emigrate to the United States in the early twentieth century. The town became a district in 1902, covering thirty villages and towns nearby. Ramallah city became a municipality in 1908 and Elias Odeh is the first mayor. The council is composed of members from each family.
At the beginning of the First World War , the people rebelled against the Ottoman rule. Thirty people are killed. In 1915 a plague of locusts destroyed crops and the year after an outbreak of typhoid fever decimates 30% of the population.
British occupation and the beginning of the State of Israel
Ramallah, like all Palestinian cities, is under the authority of the British mandate in November 1917 (the mandate was imposed in 1920, before they are forces of occupation), until 1948, when the foundation of the ' State of Israel. The electrification of the city is fully completed in 1936.
Thousands of refugees, mostly Muslim, Palestinian, settled on the outskirts of the city in 1948. Ramallah is one of the territories occupied after the Six Day War of 1967. Under the influence of migration of Palestinian refugees , Muslims and Christians, new churches and mosques are built Jamal Abdel Nasser Mosque is one of the largest in the city. The Coptic Orthodox built a new church on the hills above the city. There is also a Church Melkite Catholic, church Lutheran-Evangelical , Episcopalian church, a church Baptist , etc.. Christians now account for 25% of the total population of the area and Palestinian refugees 60% (especially on the outskirts of the city).
Ramallah after 1972
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The tomb of
Yasser Arafat. Behind this panel we built a mausoleum for Arafat
The first municipal elections under Israeli occupation in 1972. Ten years later, Mayor Karim Khalaf is the victim of an assassination attempt by Israeli extremists, like the mayor of Nablus and the Mayor of Al Bireh. The council suspended its administration.
The first intifada broke out in 1987. The same year the first open heart surgery at the hospital is performed by Dr. Shawqi Harb. The Israeli army evacuates Ramallah in 1996 and the Palestinian Authority set up his administration, a new city council is meeting. In 2000, the trimillnaire of the city is celebrated in conjunction with the festivities of the millennium of the birth of Christ in Bethlehem. The Second Intifada began a few months later. Yasser Arafat , who moved to the Mukata, after his exile, is confined by Israeli forces in retaliation for attacks by Palestinian militants. The area began to be bombed in 2002. Yasser Arafat had indeed established the seat of government of the West Bank , the Muqata in Ramallah. Although this solution is regarded as tentative at the base, Ramallah has become the de facto capital of the Palestinian Authority. In December 2001 , Arafat holds meetings at the Muqata, while living with his wife and daughter to Gaza. After suicide bombings in Haifa , Arafat is forced to stay inside the government in Ramallah in 2002 , the bombing intensifies in Ramallah. The government of Arafat was partially destroyed by Israeli army , Arafat and the building is cut off from others. Israel then shows pictures of illegal weapons, saying he had found in the Muqata and that prove the links Arafat with terrorism. The Palestinians argue about them that these weapons belong to the Palestinian security services. Arafat died in Paris in 2004 and is buried in Ramallah, where tens of thousands of Palestinians attended his funeral.
Government
Ramallah today is the city where the most seats of diplomatic missions to the Palestinian Authority. This is the case of South Africa , the Germany , the Argentine , of Australia , the Austrian , the Brazil , the Canada , the Chinese , the South Korea , the Denmark , of Finland , the India , the Irish , the Japanese , the Jordan , the Mexico , the Norway , the Netherlands , the Poland , the Portugal , the Russian Federation , the Sri Lanka , the Swiss and the Czech Republic.
Churches in Ramallah
Door of the Church of the Epiphany
Personalities
Twinning
Bordeaux (Cooperative Agreement)
External Links
References
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