Rabbeinu Tam
Yaakov Biography
Born Ramerupt , a small town in Champagne , the son of Meir ben Samuel and Jocheved, a daughter of Rashi. He was educated by his father, Rabbi Meir, and his older brother, Samuel ben Meir (the Rashbam ). According to tradition, he was a pupil of Jacob ben Samson, a student of Rashi author of a commentary on the Treaty of Avot. It was probably too young to have received this direct instruction. A popular legend tells that when he heard crying Rabbeinu Tam in the death of Rashi, Halakhic
He was one of the most prominent followers of his grandfather Rashi, commenting on his commentary on the Talmud, in what are called Tossefot. Rabbeinu Tam's name appears in almost every page of the Talmud, in vis--vis that of Rashi.
His teachings had a profound influence in the field of Halakhah , and in particular about the mitzvot of tefillin and mezuzah. He came to Rabbeinu Tam to disagree with his grandfather Rashi, especially concerning the position of the mezuzah on the doorposts, and Rashi argued that it should be positioned vertically and horizontally Rabbeinu Tam , which earned the tradition of adopting a reclined position to conform to the teaching of two masters.
It is also often quoted about his opinions on the time of transition from day to night.
Works
Besides Tossefot assigned, Rabbeinu Tam wrote piyyutim (liturgical poems) ) unrelated to the midrash namesake of the same name. There is only one manuscript of Sefer ha-Yashar of Rabbeinu Tam. It is preserved at the National and University Library in Jerusalem.
With comments from the Talmud, Rabbeinu Tam did what we could call "the Talmud in France".
His students
- Joseph ben Moses of Troyes, also known as Joseph Porat. Student Rashbam.
- Jacob Israel ben Joseph Pont-Audemer. Student of Rabbi Meir (Rabbeinu Tam's father).
- Samson ben Joseph of Falaise , the brother of Rabbeinu Tam
- Yom Tov ben Judah of Falaise, the cousin of Rabbeinu Tam (Judah is the husband of Miriam, a daughter of Rashi)
- Eliyahu ben Judah of Paris with that Rabbeinu Tam maintained a controversy over the duties of man towards his wife
- Chaim ben Hananel HaCohen of Paris
- Meshoullam ben Nathan of Narbonne
- Joseph Bekhor Shor of Orleans , and his son Rabbi Abraham
- Samson ben Joseph
- The Saint Jacob of Orleans. Ephraim of Bonn reported that he died in London for the sanctification of the Name in 1189 at the coronation of Richard the Lion Heart
- Yom Tov ben Isaac of Joigny. Died at York for the sanctification of the Name in 1191. He was head of the Jews of York who took refuge in a fortress during the Sabbath and HaGadol who chose to slay to escape persecution, like the Ashkenazi victims of the First Crusade. His son Isaac is mentioned by Samson of Sens as a sage known.
- Menahem ben Peretz of Corbeil
- Jacob of Corbeil, died at Mainz for the sanctification of the Name in 1192 , and Judah of Corbeil, his brother
- Abraham de Bourgueil
- Isaac ben Baruch
- Eliezer ben Samuel of Metz
- Isaac HaLevi ben Asher of Speyer
- Eliezer ben Nathan of Mainz, Raavan.
- Moses ben Solomon Hakohen
- Mordechai ben Isaac of Regensburg
- Ephraim ben Isaac of Regensburg
- Moses ben Yoel
- Eliezer ben Isaac of Prague
- Isaac ben Jacob of Bohemia, the Ri haLavan
- Peter (?) Ben Joseph. Lived in Carinthia. Died for the sanctification of the Name during the Second Crusade.
- Moses of Kiev
- Abraham Hager Hungary and his son Isaac
- Yossi Taranto
References
- Rabbeinu Tam corresponded to rhyme with Abraham ibn Ezra. He approved the introduction of piyoutim in the liturgy, because it does not consider them as interruptions to prayer "(Encyclical Dictionary of Judaism, d.Cerf).
- Published in Vienna in 1811.
See also
Related articles
External Links
- Plaque in memory of Tosafists
- This article incorporates text from the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1901-1906, article "JACOB BEN MEIR TAM" by Solomon Schechter and Max Schloessinger , a publication now in the public domain.
Bibliography
- Simon Schwarzfuchs on Jews during the Crusades in the West and the Holy Land, Albin Michel, 2005 ( ISBN 2-226-15910-X )
- (He) EE Urbach, The Tosaphists: Their History, Writings and methods, Bialik Institute, Jerusalem, 1980.
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