Post Colonialism

Post-colonialism or postcolonialism is a current of thought whose main pillars are in the work of Edward Said appeared in 1978. As a literary theory, it provides critical tools for analyzing the writings produced by authors from countries that have a history of colonization. These mainly include countries within the former French colonial empires, British, Spanish and Portuguese. The main countries concerned are from Africa , the India , the Caribbean and the countries of South America. Some researchers believe that the works produced in Canada , in New Zealand and Australia may also be called postcolonial, although these countries have gained their independence long before the others. The analysis may also include works that have been written and published during the colonial period, showing how this bondage is represented in this particular literature.

The postcolonial thought

Postcolonial theory has in fact primarily focused around the development of theories of colonial discourse. Recent attack modes of perception and representations which were being colonized. Frantz Fanon and Edward Said are two of the major figures have revealed the mechanisms of colonial discourse. You can add Albert Memmi.

Frantz Fanon

Frantz Fanon , a psychiatrist born in Martinique in 1925, has provided the foundation for postcolonial thought. His two most famous books, Black Skin, White Masks (1952) and The Wretched of the Earth (1961) had a great influence on the development of postcolonialism.

Topics

Identity

The works described as postcolonial often focus on problem identification. Colonialism introduced in the country colonized a value system based on European ideas. In this system of thought was represented the supposed superiority of the Western world. After independence, the people of liberated countries were forced to abandon this system of values by which they had always been defined as inferior. Therefore, in order to reaffirm their roots and to the immense task of re-forge an identity they have often resorted to nationalist ideas. This step is seen in the literature of these countries.
A second issue is joined that of the transition from colonialism to independence: that of migration caused by the history of colonization or the accession to power. The Caribbean, for example, have suffered many invasions. The first settlers, indigenous peoples were exterminated by European invaders. The British then took over the island, to the detriment of Spanish and have practiced slavery. After abolition, many Indians, Chinese and Portuguese came to work there. The question of identity for these immigrants and their descendants is difficult because they do not know their native land, does not feel at home, but feel alienated by the Caribbean as well as their condition was that of the oppressed, without power, living in deplorable conditions for decades. The literature of these countries therefore often treats the problem of identity faced by these populations and discusses their possible remedies.

Major Authors

See also Category: theorist of post-colonialism.

Bibliography in French

• Arjun Appadurai, After colonialism. The cultural consequences of globalization, Paris, Payot, coll. "Little Library Payot, 2005 ( ISBN 9782228900003 )
• Arjun Appadurai, Geography of Anger. Violence at the age of globalization, Paris, Payot, coll. "Little Library Payot, 2009 ( ISBN 9782228904087 )
• Bhabha, Homi K. The Location of Culture. Postcolonial theory, Paris, Payot, 2007 (( ISBN 9782228901833 )
• Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, Nationalism and imagination, Paris, Payot, 2011 ( ISBN 9782228905848 )
• Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, In other worlds, in other words. Tests of cultural policy, Paris, Payot, 2009 ( ISBN 9782228904490 )
• Lazarus, Neil (ed.), Thinking the postcolonial - A critical introduction, trans. Mr. Grout and Ch Jacquet, Paris, Editions Amsterdam , 2006
• Pascal Blanchard, Nicolas Bancel and Franoise Vergs, Republic colonial essay on utopian ideas Library Albin Michel, 2003
• Pascal Blanchard and Nicolas Bancel, Culture post-colonial, 1961-2006, Traces and colonial memories in France, ed. Otherwise, collection Memoirs / History ", 2005
• Pascal Blanchard , Nicolas Bancel and Sandrine Lemaire, Colonial Culture in France, CNRS Editions / Otherwise, collection "Mmoires," preface to Gilles Botsch , 2008
• Jean-Loup Amselle , The West won. Survey postcolonialism, Paris, Stock, 2008
• Jean-Franois Bayart, The postcolonial studies. A carnival academic, Karthala, Paris, 2010 ( ISBN 978-2811103231 )

See also

Internal link

• Black feminism
• Postcolonial Studies
• Franafrique
• Neocolonialism
• Creolization

External Links

• Afrology Website
• Folder of the journal Labyrinth (2006): "Should we be postcolonial?"
• Folder of the journal Multitudes (2006): "Postcolonial and political history"
• "Tribute to Edward Said's critique: postcolonialism and perspectivism, two comparative facing the East" on the Review of resources
• Research Group Achac

• Literature portal
• Portal of the colonial world

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