Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
- For the work of Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell , see Principia Mathematica.
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica ( Latin for often shortened to or is the master work of Isaac Newton. This book in Latin, divided into three parts (or books, from Latin liber), is published in London in 1687. The title page notes that it has received its imprimatur on July 5 of last year by the President of the Royal Society , Samuel Pepys,.
This is the third Latin edition of 1726, whose text has been revised and enriched one last time by Newton, who is generally regarded as the reference A fundamental work One of the most important scientific books ever published. The French translation was published in Paris in 1756 under the title Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and is the work of Emilie du Chatelet. This book, which wants to apply "the laws of mathematics to the study of natural phenomena" (Ferd. Hoefer), contains Newton's laws of motion that formed the foundation of classical mechanics and the law of universal gravitation. From these laws, Newton was also deduced from Kepler's laws of motion of the planets that had been obtained empirically by Kepler. Many other things are also on display: the laws of shock, fluid motion, the theory of tides, etc.. In making these physical theories, Newton developed the calculus , a field of mathematics. Nevertheless, the language of calculus was largely absent because of the Principia Newton had reformulated the majority of his arguments demonstrations geometry , the current language of physics at that time. In its original edition in Latin (London, 1687), the work opens with a preface to the reader (Praefatio lectorem ad) and a tribute to the author by Edmond Halley (In praestantissimi viri D. Isaac Newton Op-Hoccer mathematico physicum saeculi gentisque nostrae decus egregium). The treaty itself begins with definitions (Philosophiae Naturalis Mathematica mainly: definitione, p. 1-11) and laws or axioms (axiomatic sive leges motus, p. 12-25). Following three parts (or "books") in the "body movement" and the "world system": The whole forms a quarto volume of 510 pages. Mainpage The copy of Newton , with his own notes for the second edition Many collections of rare books have editions of Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. For example: An edition facsimile of the 1726 edition was published in 1972 by Alexander Koyre and I. Bernard Cohen (Cambridge University Press, 1972, ISBN 0-674-66475-2 ). 
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