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Philip I Of France

Philip I
King of the Franks
Philippe1France.JPG
Reign
4 August 1060 - 29 July 1108
&&&&&&&&&& 017,525 47 years, 11 months and 25 days
Coronation 25 December 1071 in the Cathedral of Laon
Rite 23 May 1059 ,
in the Cathedral of Reims
Investiture 1066
Dynasty Capetian
Predecessor Henry I
Successor Louis VI
Heir Louis de France Red crown.png
Other functions
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Biography
Birth 1052
Deaths 30 July 1108
Chateau de Melun ,
Flag of medieval Kingdom.svg Kingdom of France
Father Henry I
Mother Anne of Kiev
Spouse (s) Bertha of Holland
Bertrade de Montfort
Descent
With Bertha of Holland
Constance de France
Louis de France Red crown.png
Henri de France
Charles de France
Eudes de France
With Bertrade de Montfort
Philippe de France
Fleury de France
Cecile de France
Eustache de France
Kings of the Franks

Philip I of France Biography

Name

Philip is probably the first prince in Western Europe to receive the first name that would be perpetuated until today. He owes it to his mother, Anne of Kiev , whose paternal great-grandfather Romanus II , Emperor of Constantinople , claimed descent from the kings of Macedonia .

Coronation

Crowned at Reims on May 23 1059 the life of his father, Philip I should not reign alone than from 1066 because his uncle, the Count of Flanders Baldwin V , assisted by the Archbishop of Rheims Gervais Belleme and, firstly, to Anne of Kiev , has the regency of the death of Henry I in 1060 to 1066. He will be crowned several times in his reign, for example 25 December 1071 , by Bishop linand in the Notre-Dame de Laon , , as was the custom of his time.

Reign

Under his reign draw the outline of the policy of the Capetian kings of the twelfth century : providing a real basis to the royal power by consolidating the area, and reduce or contain too powerful vassals.

To enlarge the royal domain , he seizes a part of Vermandois , of Gtinais ( 1068 ), the French Vexin ( 1077 ). In 1101 , he bought a large amount (60 000 land of gold) the Viscount of Bourges and the lordship of Dun-le-Roi to Eudes Arpin , a knight who participated in the crusade. He develops the royal administration and to provide income to the crown, has the church property and sells the ecclesiastical offices, which earned him the wrath of the Gregorian reformers.

In 1071, he argues Richilde of Hainaut , widow of Count Baudouin VI of Flanders , and his son Arnulf III and Baldwin II against their brother and uncle, Robert the Frisian. Philip is defeated in the Battle of Cassel in February but managed to take Saint-Omer in March. Arnulf III having died during the battle, he made peace with Robert that it recognizes as Count of Flanders and he married the stepdaughter, Bertha.

But during the greater part of his reign, Philip I struggle to reduce the power of his vassal the most formidable, William the Conqueror , Duke of Normandy became king of England in 1066. Philip found the support of Fulk IV Rechin , Count of Anjou and Robert the Frisian , Count of Flanders who also feel threatened by this too powerful neighbor. To consolidate its alliance with Flanders , he married Bertha of Holland (c. 1055 - 1094 ), daughter of Florent I. Count of Holland and Gertrude of Saxony.

In 1076, Philippe inflicts a severe defeat to William at the foot of Dol in Brittany. The following year, boosted by his victory, Philip I seized the Vexin French, possession of Simon de Vexin (son of Raoul Crpy , stepfather of Philip I ), who became a monk with the castellanies of Mantes and Pontoise. William the Conqueror renounces Britain and made peace with Philip I.. The latter, however, remains concerned about the threat Anglo-Norman. According to a policy that will be taken over by his successors, he will strive to develop the dissension within the family of the Conqueror.

In 1078 , he sided with Robert Courteheuse or Courtecuisse, the eldest son of William, who rebelled against his father. After entrusting the custody of the castle Gerberoy , near Beauvais , Robert, it seems that Philip 1, turned against him. It is found in 1079, currently besieging the castle in the company of William who was wounded during the siege. Shortly thereafter, Robert Courteheuse obtained the government of Normandy. King Capetian receives a reward City Gisors located on the right bank of the Epte.

In February 1079 , when King overwinters Etampes, a rebellion broke out of the direct vassals of the king, led by Hugues Blavons , lord of Puiset . In spring the royal army was defeated soundly near Puiset . The royal authority, deeply humiliated, will be restored in the area to the next generation.

In the years following the death of William the Conqueror , with Philippe Robert Courteheuse trying to recover the throne of England with his brother, William II Rufus , has inherited. This last attempt, in retaliation for him taking the Vexin in the years 1097-1099, but failed in three successive campaigns.

In spring 1092 , Philip of infatuated Bertrade de Montfort ( 1117 ), wife of Fulk IV Rechin. He then repudiated Bertha of Holland and remarried Bertrade Montfort on 27 May 1092. On 16 October 1094 , the Council of Autun, which are attended by thirty-two bishops declare the excommunication of the king.

Come to France to spread the Gregorian reform and excommunicated the king again, Pope Urban II preaches the First Crusade at Council of Clermont on 27 November 1095. Struck with anathema , the king did not participate in the crusade which Hugh of Vermandois , brother is one of the main actors with as Raymond IV of Toulouse , and especially Godfrey of Bouillon.

Philip left the care of military operations in the Vexin his son Louis VI it has associated with the crown to 1098, 1099.

After a controversy over the custodian of the diocese of Beauvais, between 1100 and 1104, Philip was reconciled with the papacy and was discharged in 1104. In 1107, Pope Paschal II went to France where he met Philip and the future Louis VI at St. Denis. The alliance between the kingdom of France and the Papacy against the Empire is then permanently sealed for a century.

Deaths

On 30 July 1108 , Philip I died at the royal castle of Melun after forty-eight-year reign (the third longest reign in the history of France after that of Louis XIV (1643-1715) and Louis XV (1715-1774 ) who both reigned over fifty years). Unwilling, because of his sins, be buried alongside his ancestors in the basilica of Saint-Denis , he requested to be buried in the abbey of Fleury at Saint-Benoit-sur-Loire. His son Louis VI that we nicknamed the Fat, twenty-seven years, succeeds him. His wife Bertrade de Montfort , thirty-eight years, took the veil at the Abbey of Fontevraud.

Progeny

Lying Philip I,Abbaye Saint-Benot-sur-Loire , XIII century.

Union with Bertha of Holland are derived:

The second union with Bertrade Montfort are derived:

Bibliography


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