Peter Ii Of Courtenay
Peter II of Courtenay (c. 1165 1219 ), is a lord of Courtenay (1183-1219), one count of Nevers (1185-1199), of Auxerre and Tonnerre (1185-1219) and a Latin emperor of Constantinople (1216-1219). He is the son of Pierre de France , Seigneur de Courtenay and Elizabeth de Courtenay.
Summary |
Biography
He succeeded his father in the lordship of Courtenay and his cousin . On his return, his first wife died in 1192 or early February 1193 , leaving a daughter, Matilda, but Peter still count II of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre. He remarried in 1193 with Yolande de Hainaut , daughter of Baldwin VIII , Count of Flanders and Hainaut , and Margaret of Flanders First , while he betrothed his daughter Matilda with his brother Philip I of Hainaut , Count of Namur.
In 1196 , he has to face the rebellion of his brother- Guillaume de Brienne , who, at the head of an army Champagne, ravaged his lands and besieged Auxerrois Vezelay.
In 1199 , a war between itself and one of his vassals, Herv IV Donzy. Beaten to Cosne-sur-Loire Peter is taken prisoner and is released in exchange for the marriage with Mathilde Herve , daughter of Peter and the sale of the county of Nevers. Pierre kept for life counties of Auxerre and Tonnerre.
On 15 October 1212 , his brother Philippe of Hainault, Marquis de Namur died in appointing his sister Yolande, wife of Peter, to succeed him. The latter refers to rapidly eldest son Philip , to ensure the regency of marquisate , .
On 16 June 1216 , another brother, Henry of Hainaut , the second Latin Emperor of Constantinople , who died. The barons of the empire while offering the throne to King Andrew II of Hungary , the nephew of the deceased, who refuses, then to Peter de Courtenay, who accepts it. Indeed, it is hoped the court of France a secondary role because of his rank and possessions, and this election offers him a chance to rise. He receives ambassadors Courson-les-Carrires and sells or commits some of its fields to finance his expedition . He went to Rome where he wants to be crowned by Pope Honorius III , but he is reluctant because he does not infringe on the rights of the Patriarch of Constantinople and the emperors following fears that benefit from this precedent to issue claims on Rome and the Western Empire. So Peter and Yolande are not sacred in the Basilica of St. Peter, but in that of Saint-Laurent who is outside the walls of Rome .
To defend his empire, he only managed to muster only five thousand men. To convey it is for Venetians who asked him to take Durazzo , occupied by Theodore Komnenos Doukas Angel , Despot of Epirus. While his wife Yolanda went directly to Constantinople , Peter and the Venetians besieged Durazzo, but the city, well defended and adequately replenished resist. As the siege was a failure, the Venetians refused to transport his army to Constantinople, and Peter decides to join Salonika by land. He negotiated safe passage with Theodore Angelo, but the latter attack, destroyed part of his army and captured. He remained imprisoned for two years until his death, announced in 1219 .
Described by the chroniclers of passionate, hot and violent and could not help but behave impetuously ends up annoying to the bishops and churches, it has regularly been excommunicated.
Marriages and children
His first wife Agnes First , Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre, he had:
- Matilda (1188 1257), Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre, married in 1199 to Herv IV Donzy , then in 1226 to Drill Guigues IV ( 1241)
His second wife Yolande de Hainaut , Empress of Constantinople, he had:
- Marguerite (1194 1270), married Raoul de Lusignan , Count of Issoudun and Eu ( 1219) and Henry I , Count of Vianden
- Philip II (1195 1226), Margrave of Namur , who died of disease during the crusade against the Albigenses.
- Sibylle (1197 1210), nun
- Elizabeth (1199 ap.1269), married Gaucher, Count of Bar sur Seine, then in 1220 to Eudes de Bourgogne, Seigneur de Montagu
- Yolande (1200 1233), married in 1215 to Andrew II of Hungary (1176 1235), King of Hungary
- Robert I (1201 1228), Latin Emperor of Constantinople.Il loses almost all the territories conquered by his brother Henry. Eudoxia married the daughter of Baldwin of Neuville.
- Agnes (1202 ap.1247), married in 1217 to Geoffroy II Villehardouin ( 1246), Prince of Morea
- Mary (1204 1222), married in 1219 to Theodore I Lascaris ( 1222), Emperor of Nicaea
- Henry (1206 1229), Marquis de Namur.
- Eleanor (1208 1230), married to Philip I of Montfort ( 1270), Lord of Castres
- Constance (1210 ), nun Fontrevault
- Baldwin II ( 1218 1273 ), Latin Emperor of Constantinople.Il is chased by Michael Palaeologus on 25/07/1261. Married in 1234 Marie de Brienne, daughter of John I co-owner of Jerusalem.
References
- His father is a grand-son of King Louis VI le Gros , so Peter is a cousin of Philip II Augustus.
- Foundation for Medieval Genealogy.
- Jean-Franois Michaud, Biographie Universelle , p. 250
- According to the Foundation for Medieval Genealogy.
- and must break the engagement of the latter with Philip of Namur.
- Baron Emile de Borchgrave, "Philip II of Namur, Belgian Royal Academy, National Biography, vol. 17, Brussels, 1903 Notes
Sources
- Rene Grousset , L'Empire du Levant: History of the Eastern Question , Payot, coll. "Library History", Paris 1949 (reprint 1979), 648 p. ( ISBN 2-228-12530-X )
- "Peter II of Courtenay, Jean Franois Michaud, Biographie Universelle Ancient and Modern, Vol. 33, Ch Delagrave et Cie, Paris, nineteenth century , p. 249-250
- (In) Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Roman emperor of the house of Courtenay
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