Nissim Ben Jacob
Nissim ben Jacob ben Nissim ibn Shahin, "said Nissim Gaon ( ) or ( ), is a rabbi and exegete Tunisian XI century (990 - to 1060).
Mainly known for his commentary on the Talmud and for providing the spiritual leadership of the Jewish community of Kairouan , alongside Hananel Houshiel bin , it is considered by some as an early Rishonim Biographical Elements Nissim is first educated by his father, Jacob ben Nissim ibn Shahin , president of the Centre for the Study of Kairouan, then Houshiel ben Elhanan , who succeeded Jacob ben Nissim around 1006 , Nissim being at that time too young to qualify for this position. It also seems to have benefited from his correspondence with Hai Gaon , director of the Talmudic Academy of Pumbedita , which he submitted his questions in Jewish law , ; Nissim also acts as an intermediary between it and Samuel HaNaggid of Granada , sending correspondence to the latter's first legislative and therefore contributing to the spread of knowledge in the Babylonian Talmud Andalusia. Nissim, being poor, was widely supported by HaNaggid Samuel, whose son Joseph married the only daughter of Nissim. This was, according to Abraham ibn Dawd , erudite and pious but physically unattractive . After the murder of her husband in 1066 , when Granada massacre , she flees to Lucena where the Jewish population maintain very generously. The Kitab al-Miftah Maghalik Talmud (Sefer ha-Mafteah Man'ule Talmud in Hebrew is the Book Works
Mafteah
Nissim deems necessary to state in full for his contemporaries, teachers and students alike, all the passages to which reference is made in a Talmudic treatise. In addition, he said these references according to their link with the text, using various sources prior to the Babylonian Talmud which Tosefta , the Mekhilta , the Sifra and Sifrei , the Midrashim and especially the Jerusalem Talmud (probably under the influence his master Houshiel ). Sometimes he prefers his explanations to those of his counterpart of Babylon, although it has been erected in higher authority by the directors of Babylonian Talmudic academies.
In the second part of Mafteah divided into fifty sections, Nissim intends to highlight a series of Halachot (laws) that are in certain points of the Talmud out of context. The list of these fifty sections is an important contribution to the methodology of the Talmud.
Nissim also follows the method of Saadia Gaon when defending anthropomorphisms the Haggadah against attacks by Karaites (members of a Jewish movement scripturalist and opponent of Rabbinic Judaism which he blames traditional to disagree with both the written Torah and why): While not calling into question the reality of miracles and other extraordinary facts found in the Haggadah, it seeks to justify giving them a symbolic interpretation, in the same way as the Karaites themselves do so with the miracles of the Bible.
Although the goal of Nissim seems to have been to extend this "key" to the entire Talmud, he could not do so for some treaties . The "key" to the treaties Brachot , Shabbat and Erouvin was published as a manuscript by Goldenthal Italian , probably the same as Haim Yossef David Azoulay said he had seen (published in Vienna in 1847 ). It is included in the Vilna edition of these treaties , on the margins of the text, under the title of Rav Nissim Gaon Sefer Ma'asiyyot Nissim has also written a small book of stories , written at the request of his stepfather, Dunash, who lost a son. This book, narrated in the form of dialogues , including about sixty tales, drawn from the Mishnah , and the Baraita , both Talmud and midrashic literature (some of which are better known than the work). It is known by two titles, Hibbour Yafeh Meha-Yeshou'a (edited in Ferrara in 1557 ) and Sheba Ma'assiyyot-Talmud (edited in Constantinople in 1519 ) or Midrashot ouMa'assiyyot sheba-Talmud (edited in Venice in 1544 ). Rapoport is the first to be awarded to Nissim, assuming it was originally written in Arabic, the original title was probably Kitab Akhbar al-wa-huwa'Ulama Ta'lif fi al-Faraj Hassan (Book of facts Wise is a beautiful collection of Redemption), Abraham Harkavy actually found the original manuscript of the compilation of Nissim . The book is divided into 34 paragraphs, many of them are missing or have been abbreviated in Hebrew translation. Zunz Leopold believed that the Sefer Ma'asiyyot was written around 1030 , but as is mentioned Mafteah under the title Arab Harkavy think that Nissim was composed around 1050 , at the end of his life . Nissim Gaon is the author of a prayer book , the Siddur Hatefiles, cited by medieval rabbinic authorities. However, if Rapoport and Zunz are confident that Nissim is the author Moritz Steinschneider doubt its authenticity. A viddou (liturgical poem for the confession of sins), recited by Sephardim during the morning service for Yom Kippur and the Ashkenazim during the Yom Kippur Katan (day of atonement staff), it is often attributed, and would, by Rapoport, was taken from his Siddur. However, as it appears in the Siddur of Rav Amram , the real author of this viddou is "Nissim Rosh Yeshiva of Babylon", that is to say Nissim Nahrawan , a copy of which was discovered viddou by Elkan Nathan Adler . Nissim also wrote: Nissim has made extensive school and some followers coming from Spain , to transmit its teachings and authority, so he was awarded the title of gaon , although there is no part of Talmudic academies in Babylonia or the ' Academy of the Land of Israel. His most prominent disciple was the Ri "f (Isaac Alfasi). However, according to Solomon Judah Loeb Rapoport , the passage of Sefer HaKabbala which this information is derived, simply means that R "f was based on the works of Nissim Gaon, without having been his direct disciple. The only major scholar, he is firmly established that he was a disciple of Nissim ben Jacob, is a certain Ibn al-Yassoum or Ibn al-Yassous (according to Rapoport, read , not ). The latter wrote a book about prayer, now defunct, which it can not be established whether it is because of the fact that it was written in Arabic or whether it was a comment Siddur Nissim , , . Liturgical Works
Other
Influence
References
Loading ...