Minutes Of The Talmud
The trial of the Talmud, the Talmud or burning disputation of Paris ( Hebrew : is a major event in the history of Jews and their relationship to Christianity.
Held at the instigation of Nicolas Donin , he opposes it and clerics to four rabbis, headed by Yehiel of Paris in the presence of King Louis IX of France. Initiated in 1240, it concludes with the burning of many copies of the Talmud on the Place de la Greve in 1242. It creates a precedent so that others will build Jewish-Christian disputations , mainly in Spain.
Summary |
Background
While the condemnation of the Oral Torah goes back to Justinian and is frequently found in the sermons of Christian theologians, there is no campaign of destruction of Jewish books before the thirteenth century.
This period saw the authority of the Catholic Church on the external front threatened by the Saracens and, on the home front, the emergence of dissident movements like the Cathars and rationalism (the first Jewish book to be delivered to the fire the Guide of the Perplexed of Maimonides , burned in 1233 following the controversy over his writings that had rocked the communities of Provence and Spanish) , . In addition to various restrictions and the emergence of the formula equating Jews to movable property of the king, the king personally encourage conversions to Christianity, including paying a pension to converts and their families to compensate for the confiscation of their property .
Defections to Judaism presenting both the contempt and distrust of Jews by Christians at the neophytes, the zeal of some to be accepted accompanied by a great distance from their former environment. Thus, it is a baptized Jew who convinces Louis IX to restore the use of the yellow badge. On the other hand, they never fail to bring the various Christian ecclesiastical authorities accusations against the Jews and their literature, to the point that in the cons-missionary literature of the Jews, "infidels" are not Christians but Jews converted.
Complaints
Nicolas Donin of La Rochelle is one of those converts. Referred to the Talmudic Academy of Jehiel of Paris excommunicated by it, he lived a recluse for several years before converting to Christianity and to enter the Franciscan order. He wrote in 1236 a letter to Pope Gregory IX a letter condemning the Talmud.
A papal bull was issued three years later. Gregory ordered them, after conducting an investigation, that are seized and burned "books where you find errors in this way Defense Rabbi Yehiel, who left an account of the trial (some suggest that this record was written by Joseph ben Nathan Official ), responds to charges by focusing on the antiquity of the Talmud as well as its quality comment, not substitute for the Bible. Judah of Melun was questioned separately to ensure that the arguments of Yehiel can be found in the Jewish body and are not the fruit of his personal opinions. Judges retire without a sentence has been pronounced. The court convened after the disputation make the award two years later: he believes that the Talmud is an infamous book and should be burned according to the recommendations of Gregory IX (although it has since been succeeded by Innocent IV ). In 1242, twenty-four carts are the Talmud solemnly burnt in the Place de Greve in Paris attended by Provost and clergy , . Events, duly recorded in the Christian sources, are also the subject of Kinna Sha'ali Seroufa of Meir of Rothenburg , which compare to the destruction of the Temple. In 1244, Pope Innocent IV issued the letter Impi Judaeorum perfidia where he condemned the Talmud and urges the king St. Louis to burn copies of this book and other books to be examined in his kingdom. Many other controversies have occurred during the reign of Louis IX, each with risks for the Jews . Following this trial, Yehiel of Paris and other rabbis emigrated to the land of Israel.
Moreover, the Gentiles which alludes to the Talmud are pagans, not Christians, as one can see the good relationship that Jews have with their neighbors, shopping and even studying the Bible with them. Christians can have a share in the world to come as a Noahide. As to Yeshua prisoner of Gehenna mentioned in the Talmud, it would not of Jesus of Nazareth. The Award
Consequences
References
Notes
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