Matthias (Apostle)
Small or Matthias or Mathias was, according to the New Testament , the apostle who replaced Judas among the Twelve after his betrayal and death. In the sixteenth century , Pope Pius V placed it on par with the other apostles, but Pius XII came to the decision in 1955.
This apostle is often referred to by other names: version Syriac Eusebius calls him "Tolmai" (that is to say, Bartholomew, without confusion, however, with the Apostle Bartholomew ), Matthias is often identified with Nathanael of the Gospel of John , Clement of Alexandria indicates that some people identify with Zacchaeus, the Apocrypha Clementine identify it with Barnabas. Hilgenfeld thinks he is Nathanael.
Feast: February 24 in the extraordinary form of Roman rite and May 14 in the usual form, in the Byzantine rite, the August 9
Summary |
There was little information on Matthias, and apocryphal tradition on the poorest and is later than the other apostles (probably did it caused a bit special status among them). The choice of Matthias as an Apostle is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles. Jacques de Voragine in his Golden Legend , he devotes a chapter.
The Acts of the Apostles
In the Acts of the Apostles , it is reported that after the death of Judas, Peter proposed a meeting of the eleven apostles in the days that followed the ascension of Jesus to designate the disciple to take the place vacated by Judas. It was the new apostle was chosen among those who had always been with them, to truly testify of Christ. We proposed two candidates, said Joseph the Just and Matthias, who was the tie by lot, and Matthias, who was so designated. (Cf. Acts 1. 21-26 .)
The Golden Legend
From the Golden Legend , Matthias, from the tribe of Judah , was born in Bethlehem. He quickly learned the "science of law and the prophets," and led a virtuous life. In Judea , where he preached, he did many miracles, especially by making the blind see, in driving out demons and raising the dead, and so many people converted. But the Jews did it appear jealous, and he was stoned.
The Golden Legend also relates another legend. While he was preaching in Macedonia , they made him drink a potion that made him blind. But he, by drinking in the name of Christ would not suffer it and gave sight to all those who lost their sight due to the drink. But the devil persuaded the people to kill him who ruined their cult. Matthias hid for two days, but the third he gave to them. He was then thrown into prison, but the Lord came to liberate himself, and allowed him to preach new. Some of the people then converted, the rest were swallowed by the earth.
Legend also says that his body was buried in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore.
Other traditions
Matthias was chosen by the eleven remaining apostles as "righteous among the most righteous." He was martyred by the Jews . It vangilisa the Cappadocia . The Gospel of Matthias This work is lost, but Clement of Alexandria (Stromata 3 4) yields a sentence that Nicolaitains attributed to Matthias, "We must resist the flesh, not assign any value, and does nothing to flatter him to concede, but rather enhance the elevation of our soul through faith and knowledge. " The Gospel of Matthias is mentioned by Origen (Homily on Luke i) by Eusebius of Caesarea (Ecclesiastical History March 25), which is attributed to the heretics, by Jerome and in the (VI, 8) which declares it apocryphal. It comes at the end to Codex Barroccianus (206). The Lost Gospel is probably the document that Clement of Alexandria quoted several passages, saying that they were all taken to the Traditions of Matthias, Paradoseis " Paradoxes "testimony he claimed to have been raised by the heretics Valentinius , Marcion , and Basilides (Stromata July 17). According Philosophoumena July 20, Basilides cites apocryphal speech he attributed to Matthias. These three writings: the Gospel, Traditions, and apocryphal Speeches were identified by Zahn (Gesch. of NT Kanon, II, 751), but Harnack (Chron. der altchrist. Litteratur, 597) and refuted. Tischendorf (Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha, Leipzig, 1851) published after Thilo, 1846, Acta Andreae and Matthiae in urbe anthropophagarum which, according to Lipsius, was the mid- second century. This apocryphal reports that Matthias went among people and cannibals, having been thrown in prison, was delivered by Andrew. This narrative has no historical value. In the apocryphal writings, Matthew and Matthias have sometimes been confused. References to the Golden Legend, and some small pieces of information come from: Bibliography
See also
References
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