Matrilineal
The family is a system of matrilineal descent in which each is the lineage of his mother. That means the transmission by inheritance, property, family names and titles through the female lineage.
However, a gradation in the transmission of names or titles of ownership stands out as the grip of patriarchal lineage. In matrilineal descent, this transmission comes to pass then the uncle (brother of the mother) nephew (sister's son).
The transmission of the inheritance (reputation, status, goods and services) was first carried from mother to daughter. By slip, then it has operated from mother to daughter and son, eventually make from uncle to nephew. It is noteworthy in this context that the parentage (f it s) father to son is completely obscured, as a noun, the Filliat (f ill e) from mother to daughter, while the culture is usually performed through this Filliat.
The legacy from uncle to nephew involves a dependency vis--vis the woman's brother to his sister, owner of the special power of regeneration of the ancestral line.
Social relations prevailing in matrilineal societies, before partitioning the patriarchy (the gods become the dominant male in this case) can find a characterization in the very fact of the position of the woman being the person by whom spend the ancestors (the memory of the company in question, its history, facts, gestures), she finds she has lost respect later from his companion became patriarch. In addition, under the regenerative coitus being totally ignored, there reigns a great premarital sexual permissiveness.
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The Minangkabau
The Minangkabau province of Indonesia from West Sumatra , numbering about 8 million people, are the largest matrilineal society in the world.
Barbarians
The barbarian invasions after the fall of the Roman Empire saw an influx of people, such as Burgundy , where "the succession was not no father to son but the mother's name for all his son, what that 'Either the father, legitimate or not. This practice resulted in the division of the kingdom as many shares as children, who were constantly killing themselves in order to recover the entire territory " .
The Jewish societies
The family is modern Orthodox Jews still a residual model of the matrilineal family because membership in the Jewish people (and implicitly to religion) is guaranteed only if the mother is Jewish.
In this case, the matrilineal has a relationship with the economic dominance of men and the social status of women as the only ideal transmission of religiosity , .
The fosterage
In ancient societies, the education of boys were frequently given to the mother's brother (maternal uncle). This practice was widespread among the Celts , as the fosterage. It strengthened the control of the inheritance, and gave rise to an expression now abandoned, the great-nephew , found in medieval literature. This practice continues today in some traditional societies (Africa, Haiti).
Notes
- it is unclear whether the ancestral gods of the Greeks, in this role were male or female before the influence of patriarchy on society
- See The paternity in primitive psychology of Bronislaw Malinowski , for example
- Michel Rouche , "Clotilde, wife, queen and holy," in Le Figaro magazine , 10 July 2010, page 78
- According to many rabbis, especially Judaism "reformed", the family appears in Hebrew as the Torah is patrilocal, so naturally follows - if not necessarily - the customs, including religious ones, and not the husband of the woman. Nothing suggests a matrilineal mandatory Judaism, this rule would in fact later onset and did not credit all Jews.
- The matrilineal was introduced by the Rabbis after the pogroms of Ukrainians Kirovohrad (April 15, 1881) and Kiev (April 26, 1881) (which followed the assassination of Alexander II). The purpose of this measure was to give social legitimacy to children born of rape to many such occasions.
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