Mary Of Nazareth
Mary, Greek , from Hebrew Miriam , daughter of Jewish Judea , is the mother of Jesus of Nazareth. Churches Catholic and Orthodox give special attention to Mary, they call Mary (more often among Catholics) or Mother of God (more often in Orthodox), which is the object of special devotion.
Many interpretations on the etymology of this name were given, but to date none has emerged. The Egyptian root MRY (= love) seems credible.
Another very common also is "noble, high." However, it should be taken for purely poetic explanation Hebrew March yam (drop of the sea "), Latinized in stilla husbands, himself became Stella Maris (Star of the Sea"). It seems sometimes the explanation by the Hebrew root Marah, "bitter," "rebel" or "peevish." We also saw a link with the word ra'ah, "see" where "prophetess" or "wr" awaken "or with" mara "," mistress. "
Summary |
Mary in the New Testament
The Gospels of Matthew and Luke report the Annunciation , that is to say the announcement by the angel Gabriel to Mary and to Joseph to whom she was betrothed to the virginal conception of Jesus , Luke's account gives more room for Mary, while the reverse is true in Matthew The question of the perpetual virginity of Mary The Immaculate Conception (the fact that Jesus Christ was conceived and was born while Mary was a virgin) is accepted by all Christians as it is reported by the Gospels , it is not the same with the perpetual virginity of Mary (the fact that Mary remained a virgin all her life) that is accepted by the Catholic and Orthodox theology but rejected by the Protestant theologies. This belief is ancient, as evidenced by the Protoevangelium of Jacques , a non-canonical text of the second century which states that Mary, daughter of Anne and Joachim , was "devoted to the Lord" (ie virgin would say) by a vow to his mother, then was assigned to Joseph before the conception of Jesus Protestants reject this belief in the perpetual virginity of Mary based on New Testament passages referring to brothers and sisters of Jesus. Four are mentioned in Mt 13, Mk 55 and 6, 3: "Is not this the carpenter's son? Is not this Mary is his mother? Jacques, Joseph, Simon and Jude, do they not brothers? "(Mt 13, 55). "Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of Jacques, Joseph, Judas and Simon? and his sisters are they not here with us? And it was for them to stumble. "(Mark 6.3) In the Gospel of Matthew, chapter 12 states that Jesus' mother and brothers are outside. They want to see Jesus, who is inside a house. "Someone said, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren stand without, desiring to talk to you." (Mat 12:47) This would, according to Orthodox tradition, following the Protoevangelium Jacques, half-brothers, the son of a former marriage of Joseph being a widower who had married Mary as a virgin consecrated to God or, as the Catholic tradition and Orthodox cousins, the word "brothers" being taken in this case at large, "The Semitic languages have no term to make the word" cousin "and the word brother and cousin is the same in Slavic languages ( brat ) in ancient societies, where everyone lived together, the cousins were treated as brothers. " Religious perspectives Churches Catholic and Orthodox give special attention to the Virgin Mary, who is the subject of a particular cult, the cult of hyperdulia which is the worship of the Virgin Mary, above the simple worship of saints and angels (dulia). This term is distinct from that of worship (or RSI) which is suitable only for God. Much of Marian spirituality (the adjective is used only by Catholics) was developed after the time of writing the Gospels , but it is based on the text of Luke 1, 26 et seq refers the Annunciation , the Visitation and the Magnificat. The Council of Ephesus ( 431 ) and subsequent recognize Mary as Theotokos , the one who put God to the world, the "Mother of God." The perpetual virginity of Mary is part of Catholic dogma and orthodoxy. The immaculate conception of Mary is a point of faith whose devotion appeared mainly to tenth and eleventh centuries , and which was subsequently put forward by the Franciscans , especially after the thirteenth century. Its dogma was finally clarified by the Catholic Church on 8 December 1854 by Pius IX in his bull Ineffabilis Deus. This doctrine means that Mary, mother of Jesus Christ, was conceived free of original sin , that his parents, Joachim and Anne, the transmission would have conceived without original sin. This dogma is not accepted by the Orthodox Church who prefers not to specify whether Mary is like all men marked by original sin, or not, it is nevertheless, as among Catholics, the model of humanity to follow and the mother of all: while the original sin has resulted in the death and the tendency to sin, Mary remained all his life for the Orthodox, as among Catholics, and never sins, from his birth to his death in sleep. The Orthodox speak of Dormition and not death, for the Mother of God, which, as among Catholics, has no known consequence of original sin. Catholics have felt the need to clarify this point by dogma. The Assumption is a Catholic dogma that, at the end of his earthly life, Mary was "taken up body and soul "into heaven. On November 1, 1950 , this ancient faith is defined as dogma by the apostolic constitution Deus Munificentissimus of Pope Pius XII. Catholics celebrate the Assumption on August 15. For the Orthodox, it does not specify if Mary is marked by original sin or not, although no consequence of original sin does have marked. The Feast of the Dormition of the famous August 15, as among Catholics, death, burial of the Mother of God and His resurrection and ascension. The Orthodox use the term Dormition since the fifth century. This term reflects the belief that Mary died without suffering, in a state of spiritual peace. The Orthodox have criticized the name of Assumption who maintains the ambiguity by suggesting that the Virgin was taken up to heaven during his lifetime. In general, for Orthodox veneration to Mary is built into a ineffable mystery, like the incarnation, to whom he is bound. This is probably what distinguishes the attitude of Orthodox a more rational approach to the West felt the need to formulate more precise dogma. The mystery of Mary is inseparable for Catholics as Orthodox and Protestants, that of the incarnation. Mary is asked by Christians Catholics and Orthodox , who invoke his intercession, and in particular the celebrated January 1 (Holy Mary Mother of God - only the Catholics), on August 15 ( Dormition and Assumption ), March 25 ( Annunciation ) on September 8 ( Nativity of the Virgin Mary ) and December 8 ( Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary - Catholics only). The Virgin and Child is one of the topics most frequently represented in Christian art , in both icons East than in Western works. It is relatively rare that Mary is shown alone, until recently. On icons, the three stars on his forehead and shoulders of Mary show her perpetual virginity (before, during and after childbirth). The Annunciation is also a favorite of artists. It shows Mary, surprise in his prayer, by the visit of the Archangel Gabriel deferential. Above is the dove of the Holy Spirit. The Pieta is a representation of Mary holding Jesus detached from the Cross and crying. The most famous is the Pieta Michelangelo , venerated in the Basilica of Saint Peter of Rome. The Assumption and Coronation of Mary by the heavenly Christ is frequently represented in the churches. Another frequent image is that of the Woman of the Apocalypse , crowned with twelve stars, standing on the moon crushing the snake. Marian symbol of twelve stars on a blue background color of the sky, was behind the European flag , suggested by Paul G. Levy , designed by the Catholic Arsene Heitz and adopted 8 December 1955 , the feast of the Immaculate design. There is no point to this explicit formulation , but we have a testimony of Paul G. Levy on its decision . Luther emphasized the humility of Mary and his acceptance of grace. Calvin said she needed forgiveness, and refused, unlike Luther, to celebrate the Marian feasts. He remained cautious about the term "Mother of God," who had the interest to remember, however, both humanity and divinity of Christ. The Protestantism has long remained silent about Mary. It is from the dogma of the Immaculate Conception in 1854 and that of the Assumption in 1950 that widens the gap again with Catholicism. The protestantsme denounces the worship of saints and especially the cult of Mary. For most Protestants, Mary was a virgin before the birth of Jesus, but had other children, brothers and sisters of Jesus mentioned in the Gospels in Mark 6, 3. A woman named Mariam, "Mary" in Arabic is quoted in the Koran sura 19 bears his name. She is the mother of Issa, "Jesus" (Arabic ), but it differs significantly from the Mary of the Gospels. The Qur'an speaks of women ( Hawa / Eve , Bilkis / Queen of Sheba , Hagar, etc ...) and for that Mariam , he put forward his election above all women of the world and assigns the virginal purity. The Mariam is the daughter of a certain Imran . In Sura 3, The Family of Imran, he mentioned her. She is the daughter of Imran, whose custody is awarded to Zechariah. The Quran says that Mary's pregnancy has made a miraculous way, without intervention of a creator. The Islam mentions more than once the episode of the Annunciation, he transforms his own way. For Islam, Mary is simply a holy, blessed by God and particularly pious. The suras 3.35 to 3.47 relate the birth of Mary and of Jesus. No cult made him especially because Jesus is not seen as the Son of God, or as redemptive among Muslims. It is seen in Islam as a prophet among many, and a messenger, unlike Christianity, which sees it as fully man and fully God. The idea that Mary could be "mother of God" (as the Council of Ephesus ) and falls within a theology of salvation is anathema to Islam. Joseph her husband was a good man who did not want to disgrace, he had to divorce her quietly. As he thought, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying: Joseph, son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife, for the child she has conceived of the Holy Spirit and bear a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins. All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: "Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, Behold, the virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, 
Catholicism and Orthodoxy
Iconography
Protestantism
Islam
Bibliography
The prophet in question is Isaiah 
In the rest of the story, Mary visits her cousin Elizabeth (the Visitation ) and expresses his joy in the Magnificat (Lk 1, 39-55). She gives birth to Jesus in Bethlehem (Mt 2, 1-6, Lk 2, 4-7) where his son is visited by shepherds and Magi (Mt 2, 7-12; Lk 2, 15-21 ). See also
Catholic Faith
Cults
Marian Prayers
Related articles
External Links
Loading ...