Mary Of Bethany
| Mary of Bethany | |
|---|---|
 Christ in the House of Martha and Mary , Jan Vermeer Mary sits at Jesus' feet | |
| Revered by | Orthodox Church , Catholic Church (as Mary Magdalene ), Anglican Communion , Lutheran Church |
| Day | June 4 (Orthodox) July 22 (Catholic) |
| Servant of God Venerable Happy St. | |
Mary of Bethany (in Latin : Maria) is, according to the New Testament , a woman disciple of Jesus Christ. Sister of Lazarus and Martha , she lives with them in the village of Bethany near Jerusalem. The Catholic tradition generally equates to Mary of Magdala (Mary Magdalene), while Protestant and Orthodox believe that they are separate persons.
According to the legend of the Middle Age of Saintes Maries , she would come to settle in Provence after landing at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer and would have withdrawn in the Massif de la Sainte-Baume , and was buried in the crypt of Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume.
Summary |
Mary of Bethany appears in two Gospels , that of Luke and of John.
Gospel of Luke
In the Gospel according to Luke , Jesus, en route to Jerusalem , visit the home of two sisters called Mary and Martha. Both women have very different behavior; Martha struggles to serve their guests and complains that her sister does not help because she prefers to listen to Jesus. The latter replied that Mary "has chosen the better part." The name and location of the village of the two sisters are not mentioned, and their brother Lazarus is also absent from the narrative.
"As they were traveling, he entered a village where a woman named Martha received him into her house. She had a sister called Mary, who sat at Jesus' feet and listened to his speech. Martha, she was absorbed by the multiple care service. Speaker, she said: "Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Tell her to help me. " But the Lord answered, "Martha, Martha, you worry and fret about so many things, yet few are needed, indeed only one. Mary has chosen the better part and it does it will not be removed. "
- Gospel according to Luke, Chapter 10, Verses 38-42
In comments to the Bible of Louis-Claude Fillion , it indicates that the attitude of Mary shows "his quiet nature, his contemplative soul, and his whole heart to Jesus delivered" .
Gospel of John
The Gospel of John gives the name of the village of Mary and Martha, Bethany (Jn 11:1). Mary appears in two episodes: when anointed Jesus' feet, and upon the death of her brother Lazarus whom Jesus resurrected.
Before bringing it to life, Jesus meets his sisters: Martha first, then Mary. Martha immediately went close to Jesus when he called Mary waits. For Merrill C. Tenney , "Martha, the sister of the strongest, went to meet Jesus, while the quiet and contemplative Mary stayed at home. This representation of the sisters is consistent with that found in Luke 10:38 " . When Mary meets Jesus, she fell at his feet. The two sisters both deplore that Jesus did not arrive in time: "Lord, if you had been here, my brother had not died! "(Jn 11:21 ET Jn 11:32). While Jesus, in response to this question, Martha invites reflection and faith , crying when he sees Mary, he "groaned in the spirit and was troubled" (Jn 11:33). The biblical commentator Matthew Henry notes that "Mary did not add anything more, unlike Martha, but it appears by what follows, as if words failed him she had compensated tears, she said unless Martha but she cried more, " .
Anointing of Jesus
Mary of Bethany plays a central role in narratives of the synoptic gospels and the Gospel of John , one of the anointing of Jesus in which a woman pours on the head or on the feet Jesus perfume invaluable. Both the Gospels of Mark and Luke does not give the identity of the woman, even if they state that Jesus is currently in Bethany, only John clearly identifies as Mary the sister of Martha and Lazarus.
"Six days before Passover , Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus was, whom Jesus had raised from the dead. It made him a meal. Martha served. Lazarus was one of the guests. Then Mary took a pound of ointment of spikenard pure, great prices, anointed Jesus' feet and wiped them with her hair, and the house was filled with the scent of perfume. But Judas Iscariot , a disciple, one who would betray him, "Why Did the perfume not sold for three hundred pence might have given the poor? "But he says it not for the sake of the poor, but because he was a thief and, holding the purse, he hid what was put therein. Jesus said, "Let her: this is the day of my burial she had to keep this fragrance. The poor, indeed, you always have with you: but me ye have not always. " "
- Gospel of John, chapter 12, verses 1-8
Some Christian commentators, to remove the apparent contradiction between the synoptic gospels and the Gospel of John as to where the scent was paid, saying that the three Gospels are complementary and that John records the action most unusual .
This episode should not be confused with another episode, reported in Chapter 7 of the Gospel of Luke , in which an anonymous woman also poured perfume on Jesus' feet, which is then at Simon the Pharisee.
Identity
Many women in the New Testament are named Mary. The Church Fathers were divided on the question of the identity of Mary of Bethany. Generally, the Catholic Church believes that Mary of Bethany is Mary Magdalene (the woman who anointed Jesus' feet at Simon the Pharisee also being treated at Mary Magdalene ), while the Orthodox Church and some branches of Protestantism there are different women.
Mary Magdalene?
The Roman Catholic Church traditionally considers that Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene are one and the same person. This position is that of Gregory the Great and is explained by the Catholic Encyclopedia .
However, in the Roman martyrology , Mary of Bethany is celebrated on July 29 , as his sister Martha, while Mary Magdalene is July 22 .
Another Mary?
John Chrysostom says that "he must first warn you that this is not the harlot mentioned by St. Matthew nor Luke is talking about, but another, and a virtuous woman" . For the Orthodox Church , is one of the "bearing myrrh "and is celebrated on June 4 at the same time as her sister Martha .
In arts and culture
Movies:
The character of Mary of Bethany is present in many films dealing with the life of Jesus (not exhaustive):
- In The Gospel according to St. Matthew (1964) Pier Paolo Pasolini , it is interpreted by the Italian writer Natalia Ginzburg .
- In The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965) by George Stevens , David Lean and Jean Negulesco , it is interpreted by Janet Margolin. The film distinguishes Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene .
- In Jesus of Nazareth (1977), Franco Zeffirelli , Mary of Bethany and Mary Magdalene ( Anne Bancroft ) are also two different women .
Bibliography
- Martha and Mary, Jean-Louis Chretien , Guy Lafon , Etienne Jolet, Paris, Descle de Brouwer, 2002 ( ISBN 2-220-05060-2 )
References
- Gospel according to Luke , Chapter 10, page 214.
- (en) Daughters of the Church, Ruth Tucker, Ruth A. Tucker, Walter L. Liefeld, page 26.
- (en) Merrill C. Tenney. "John". Translation: "Martha, The more aggressive sister, Went to Meet Jesus, while Mary stayed quiet and contemplative home. This portrayal Of The Sisters With That concurred found in Luke 10:38-42. "
- (en) Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible , Matthew Henry. Translation: "Added Mary no more, as did" Martha, But It Appears, by What suit, thats what she Fell short in words she made up in tears, She Said Less than Martha, goal [...] wept more.
- Matthew 26:6,7 and Mark 14:3.
- John 12:3.
- Chapter 12 of the Gospel of John , Bible Fillion, page 242.
- In the Catholic tradition, it is Mary Magdalene.
- Luke 7:37,38 : "And behold a woman who in the city was a sinner. Having learned that he was at table in the Pharisee's house, she brought a vase of perfume. And by placing himself behind at his feet, crying, she began to sprinkle his feet with her tears and wiped them with her hair, kissed, anointed them perfume. "
- Homilies on the Gospels , Homily 33: "She whom Luke calls a sinner, and that John called Mary (cf. Jn 11, 2), we believe it is that Mary which, according to Mark, the Lord cast seven demons (cf. Mark 16, 9).
- (en) St. Mary Magdalen , Catholic Encyclopedia.
- Saint Mary of Bethany on nominees.
- Saint Mary Magdalene at the nomination.
- Commentary on the Gospel according to John , Homily LXII, 1.
- (en) Commemorated on June 4 , Orthodox Church in America.
- cast and crew for The Gospel according to St. Matthew , IMDb.
- cast and crew for The Greatest Story Ever Told , IMDb.
- cast and crew for "Jesus of Nazareth" , IMDb.
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