Mary Magdalene
Mary Magdalene, also called Mary Magdalene, Mary Magdalene or Madeleine, is in the New Testament , a disciple of Jesus of Nazareth. It is identified by the Catholic Church to Mary of Bethany , while the Orthodox Church and the various branches of Protestantism them apart.
It is a holy Catholic celebrated on July 22.
Summary |
The New Testament
Mary Magdalene was born in the year 3 AD and was the daughter of Archpriest Syrus Yarite the priest of David. Her father officiated in the synagogue of Capernaum. Eucharis , his mother would have belonged to the royal line of Israel , but not Davidic.
Originally from the town of Magdala (Hebrew Migdal, "tower"), on the western shore of Lake Galilee , Mary Magdalene was a woman who, according to the New Testament was delivered of seven demons by Jesus ( Gospel of Luke , VIII, 2). She became one of his disciples - perhaps the most important woman disciple of Christ - and followed it until his death ( Gospel of Mark , XV, 40-41). She is also the woman most of this New Testament. It was the first witness of the Resurrection of Jesus (Gospel of Mark, XVI, 1s; Gospel of Matthew , xxviii, 9), but it does not recognize it right away, and tries to touch him, which earned him the sentence Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not ").
The Catholic tradition
Catholic tradition ( Gregory the Great in Evangelium Homiliae 2, 33) equates the sinner sometimes cited in the Gospel of Luke (VII, 36-50) and integrated it into the medieval legend of Saint Marys in the also identifying with Mary of Bethany , sister of Lazarus and Martha. Provencal tradition, which incorporates the identification, says that after berthed at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer and have evangelized the region, Mary Magdalene would have lived all the rest of his life in prayer in the cave today Shrine of Sainte-Baume ( Massif de la Sainte-Baume ). His tomb at Saint-Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume (France), guarded by the Dominicans In Gnosticism A text apocryphal of the Berlin codex , written in Coptic at the end of the II century (By Michel Tardieu) bears his name: the Gospel of Mary. This is a text Gnostic including a dialogue between Christ and Mary Magdalene, the latter returning to the apostles, followed by dialogues between Mary and them. According to the Questions of Mary, which dates from the late IIIrd century Mary Magdalene is the sexual partner of Jesus. This text is preserved by Epiphanius of Salamis in his Panarion. Against heresies, XXVI, 8. In the Pistis Sophia , in Gnostic Coptic text dating from about 350, Jesus' dialogue with Mary Magdalene and the other disciples. In the sacred art , Mary Magdalene is often depicted naked with long hair and loose, like the prostitutes of Palestine. In the Middle Ages, the Golden Legend of Jacques de Voragine mentions the assumption that Mary Magdalene was the wife of St. John the Evangelist . Some go further and argue that John and she would have been one and the same person: Mary Magdalene is named in the texts under the identity of the " Apostle John "- which is often seen as the favorite apostle Christ and designated by expressions such as " the disciple whom Jesus loved. " As such, for Ramon Jusino , Mary Magdalene is the author of the Gospel of John. Meanwhile, the "alternative history researchers" Lynn Picknett and Clive Prince see in a female figure traditionally identified as the apostle John in The Last Supper of Leonardo da Vinci. The figure of Mary Magdalene occupies a central place in feminist literature neo-Gnostics. The authors attempt to rewrite the early history of the Church based on some Gnostic writings dating at the earliest, the third century AD. A number of texts Apocrypha , especially the Gospel of Mary already cited, and the Gospel of Thomas and Gospel of Philip , are used to the idea of marriage to Mary Magdalene and Jesus of Nazareth, and the importance given to women. Some contemporary performers speak of "spiritual marriage" by supporting God in man and woman, Mary Magdalene and Jesus were married "in spirit", the feminist Elisabeth Moltmann poses the question of a fundamental equality between men and woman. This theme has found a fertility in the contemporary conspiracy theories. Mary Magdalene would have had children with Jesus, but the Catholic Church suppressed these facts would by force and terror, and made Mary Magdalene a prostitute to condemn lust. From this perspective that life and the role of Mary Magdalene have been recently exploited in books for the general public as The Templar Revelation by Picknett and Prince, unscientific recognized in academia. This aspect will be taken up by novelist Dan Brown's esoteric thriller for its Da Vinci Code . There is Mary Magdalene the sacred symbol of femininity, claiming that she herself was the Holy Grail : "The Grail is literally the ancient symbol of femininity and the Holy Grail represents the sacred feminine and the goddess , which of course is gone today, because the Church has removed. Formerly, women's power and ability to give life was something sacred, but it was a threat to the rise of the predominantly male Church. Therefore, the sacred feminine was demonized and seen as heresy. It is not God but man who created the concept of "original sin" whereby Eve tasted the apple and was responsible for the downfall of the human race. The woman who was sacred, that which gave life, was transformed into an enemy. " Michele Kone, in his book Myriam of Magdala: Sainte Marie-Madeleine, makes a modest response and documented in this thesis is somehow anti Da Vinci Code. Outside the mystical feminist perspective mentioned above, the idea of portraying Mary Magdalene as the wife of a train has been exploited in literature from the mid- twentieth century. In his 1951 novel The Last Temptation of Christ , which shows Jesus succumbing to the temptation of a simple life, the Greek writer Nikos Kazantzakis involves the theme of loving union between two people. Three girlfriends in his book Jesus of Nazareth , the exegete Jean Pirot questions the identification made in Catholicism since the publication of the homilies of Gregory I , between Mary of Magdala, Mary of Bethany and the sinner Anonymous quoted in Luke 7:36-50. The assimilation of Mary Magdalene a sinner according to him derives from a misinterpretation of the passage in Luke 8:2, which states that Mary was possessed by seven demons. He explains that this "possession" was not related to the idea of sin but rather to a neurosis , and considers in general that, contrary to our own interpretation to the Catholic tradition, the occurrences of possession by "bad spirits" in the Gospels are metaphors to describe illness (physical or nervous) rather than sin. St. Ambrose of Milan (De virginitate, 3.14, 4.15) and St. John Chrysostom (Matthew, Homily 88) claimed that Mary Magdalene was a virgin at the Resurrection of Jesus. Mary Magdalene in ecstasy at the foot of the cross, Guido Reni (1573-1642) Icon of Mary Magdalene, Russia, XIX century. Pictorial Representations
Theories various
Mary Magdalene and John
The Bride of Christ
The seven "evil spirits"
About the virginity of Mary Magdalene
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