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Magisterium Of The Church

The Magisterium of the Church (from the Latin "one who teaches the teacher") is the authority on morality and faith of all the bishops and especially the pope , the Catholic faithful.

Summary

1 Definition
2 Degrees of the Magisterium
3 See also

/ / Definition

The Dogmatic Constitution Dei Verbum of 18 November 1965 , after the Second Vatican Council says that Christian doctrine is to Catholics, from a single source: the Revelation. This truth about God and the salvation he gives men known by three means: The Tradition (Christianity) , the Holy Scriptures and the living Magisterium, whose authority is exercised on behalf of Christ, ie by the bishops in communion with the Bishop of Rome.

For Catholics , the authority of the College of Bishops united with its head the Pope is a legacy of Christ and the apostles, according to their interpretation of the Gospels , for example, this sentence of Christ in the Gospel according to Luke , 10:16:

"Whoever you listen , listen, and whoever rejects you, rejects me, and whoever rejects me rejects him who sent me. "

The Church believes it is assisted in his task of teaching the Holy Spirit , at work especially in the councils and statements ex cathedra of the Pope , both of which are deemed infallible. The Magisterium is also expressed in less formal occasions in the pontifical acts ( encyclicals , motu proprio , etc..), or prefects of the Congregations of the Roman Curia , in particular, the prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The Magisterium is then described as "simply true": it requires the support of the faithful on the subject.

Thus stands the "ordinary magisterium" of the "extraordinary magisterium."

Dei Verbum explains in paragraph 10:

"The task of authentically interpreting the word of God written or handed on, has been entrusted exclusively to the Church's living Magisterium, whose authority is exercised in the name of Jesus Christ. This teaching office is not above the Word of God, but serves it, teaching only what has been passed since, under the divine order and the assistance of the Holy Spirit, it listens religiously speaking, religiously guard, and explaining it faithfully, and draws from this one deposit of faith everything which it presents for belief as being divinely revealed. "

Degree of Magister

Extraordinary Magisterium

Called "extraordinary magisterium" all papal and conciliar acts whose object is the solemn definition of doctrine on faith or morals. Found its definition in Lumen Gentium at No. 25 in the Catechism of the Catholic Church 891 and in the canon 749:

"Can. 749 - 1. The Supreme Pontiff, by virtue of his office, possesses infallible teaching authority when, as supreme pastor and teacher of all the faithful it belongs to confirm his brothers in the faith he proclaims by a definitive act a doctrine to hold on faith or morals.

2. The College of Bishops also possesses infallibility in the teaching when the Bishops assembled in Ecumenical exercise the magisterium as teachers and judges of faith and morals, and declare to the whole Church must be taken so ultimately a doctrine concerning faith or morals, or even when the Bishops, dispersed throughout the world, keeping the bond of communion among themselves and with the successor of Peter, a teacher truly in union with the same Roman Pontiff that matters of faith or morals, agree on one point of doctrine to hold permanently. "

This teaching requires adherence to the faith of the faithful: therefore can not claim that Catholic who refuses points defined by the extraordinary magisterium.

The last act of this kind made by a pope is the proclamation of the dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary by the encyclical Deus Munificentissimus in 1950. The Vatican Council has in turn defines the dogma of papal infallibility in 1870.

universal ordinary magisterium

the "ordinary and universal Magisterium of the bishops' teaching is a universal (applicable everywhere and at all times: semper and ubique (canon of St. Vincent of Lerins), in communion with the Pope. It assumes the common adherence of faith of the faithful. It is regarded as divinely revealed and therefore unreformable. It is defined by Lumen Gentium at No. 25 and the Catechism of the Catholic Church 891.

The faithful must in this teaching "the adherence of faith."

Sometimes the need is felt to solemnize this education: either to fight against errors on this subject, or to give thanks to God. The pope or a council may then use his extraordinary magisterium: That happened in 1950 with Munificentissimus Deus.

authentic Magisterium

This is the usual teaching of the pope and bishops in their exhortations, their catechism, their various letters, or sermons or their explanations. The authority of the magisterium is highly variable, depending on what the Pope or the bishop manifest his thoughts and his will and that one can deduce in particular the nature of the records, or the insistence to offer some doctrine, or even how to speak.

"CEC - 892. The Divine assistance is also given to the successors of the apostles, teaching in communion with the Successor of Peter, and, in a particular way, the bishop of Rome, pastor of the whole Church, when, without arriving at a definition infallible and without saying a "definitive", they propose in the exercise of the ordinary Magisterium a teaching that leads to a better understanding of Revelation in matters of faith and morals. In this regular education of the faithful must "give religious assent of their minds" (LG 25) which, if it is distinct from the assent of faith, however, continues. "

The faithful must in this teaching a "religious assent of mind": the word of the bishop must be held to be fair and true, until further notice.

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Magisterium Of The Church

Summary