Louis Vii Of France
| Louis VII | ||
| King of the Franks | ||
 | ||
Louis VII the Younger | ||
| Reign | ||
| 1August 1137 - 18 September 1180 &&&&&&&&&& 015 754 43 years, 1 month and 17 days | ||
| Coronation | 25 December 1137 in Bourges | |
|---|---|---|
| Rite | 25 October 1131 in the Cathedral of Reims | |
| Dynasty | Capetian | |
| Full track | King of the Franks | |
| Predecessor | Louis VI | |
| Successor | Philip II | |
| Heir | Philippe de France  | |
| Other functions | ||
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| Speaker (s) of the Republic | {{{President}}} rpublique10 | |
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| Biography | ||
| Birth | 1120 | |
| Deaths | 18 September 1180 (60 years) | |
Paris ,  Kingdom of France | ||
| Father | Louis VI | |
| Mother | Adele of Savoy | |
| Spouse (s) | Eleanor of Aquitaine ( 1137 ) then Constance of Castile ( 1154 ) then Adele de Champagne ( 1160 ) | |
| Descent | with Eleanor of Aquitaine Marie Alix with Constance of Castile | |
| Kings of the Franks | ||
Louis VII of France Biography Sixth ruler of the dynasty Capetian Direct, by its mother is also a bosonide . He successively marries Eleanor of Aquitaine , Constance of Castile , and Adele de Champagne. His son Philip Augustus succeeded him. He was consecrated and crowned king at Reims , from the 25 October 1131 by Pope Innocent II , after the accidental death of his elder brother Philip of France (1116-1131) (not to be confused with Philip , his younger brother same name), following a riding accident October 13, 1131. After the death of his father Louis VI le Gros came after an excess of good cheer , he was again crowned at Bournemouth , on 25 December 1137. Before dying, his father arranged his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine ( 1,122 - 1204 ), daughter of Guillaume X de Poitiers , Duke of Aquitaine and AENOR Chatellerault. The marriage took place in Bordeaux on 25 July 1137. He himself is crowned Duke of Aquitaine, Poitiers on 8 August 1137. This marriage allowed the fabulous royal domain almost tripled since the bride brings her dowry the Guyenne , the Biscay , the Poitou , the Limousin , the Angoumois the Saintonge and the Perigord , which is to say some the South and West of France, the equivalent of 19 current departments. The character of the king, pious, ascetic (he wanted to be a monk), naive and clumsy, soft in its decisions, sits uneasily with the strong and sensual character of Eleanor, but the first ten years seem to pass without any real disagreement. Louis VII rejects her mother to court, but keeps her father's advisers, including the abbot of Saint-Denis, Suger. It continues the policy of his father and continues to showcase the royal domain and the renovation and transformation of the basilica of Saint Denis. He made numerous concessions to rural communities, encourages and promotes clearing the emancipation of serfs. It builds on the city by granting charters bourgeoisie ( Etampes , Bourges ) and encouraging them outside its domain ( Reims , Sens , Compiegne , Auxerre ). It finally supports the election of bishops dedicated to royal power. In 1138 , Louis VII opposes the Count of Champagne Theobald II and Pope Innocent II on the nomination to the bishopric of Langres , for which he had imposed Sabran William, a monk of Cluny instead of a candidate Bernard of Clairvaux . He opposes the new pope by attempting to impose its candidate for the seat of Bourges in 1141 against Peter de la Chatre , supported by Pope Innocent II. The pope finally excommunicated Louis VII, and Pierre La Chatre finds refuge in Champagne. In December 1142 , the king invaded the county in its advanced fire in January 1143 Vitry-en-Perthois and church which had taken refuge in the villagers, who found a horrible death. In view of appeasement, he signed the Treaty of Vitry with Count Thibaud II, in fall 1143 , accepting the election of Pierre de La Chatre to lift the person who threatens the kingdom. On 22 April 1144 , he participated in the conference in Saint-Denis to settle the conflict between the Holy See and himself. To seal the conflict settlement, he agreed to take part in the Second Crusade preached by St. Bernard , and around Christmas 1145 , Louis VII announces his decision to go to rescue the Christian states of Palestine, threatened by the Turks who come to invade the County of Edessa , where many Christians were massacred. Around Easter 1146 , the king took the cross at the same time that many barons at the meeting of Vezelay. On 11 June 1147 , King Louis VII and Eleanor go for the Second Crusade , the head of 300 knights and a great army, gradually followed by tens of thousands of pilgrims. Is by starting from Metz , imperial city, they pass through the valley of the Danube , where they were joined by the army of Emperor Conrad III and plan to spend in Asia Minor from Constantinople , where they arrived on 4 October 1147. The expedition was marked by discord between the French and German clans, the inexperience of Louis VII, which proves indecisive, and the treachery of the Byzantines that affect Christians more than they help. Deceived by them, Louis VII was defeated by the Turks in Asia Minor and knows several setbacks in Syria. He joined with great difficulty Antioch in March 1148 , then in the hands of Raymond of Poitiers , uncle of Eleanor, who receives the Crusaders with a lot of ways. Raymond Louis VII hoped would help him fight the enemy who was stripped of some of its territories, but the king thought only of going to Jerusalem. Eleanor tried in vain to persuade her husband to help her uncle Raymond of Poitiers. The king preferred to take advice from Templar eunuch Thierry Galeran. Afterward, the chroniclers of the era were unleashed and accused the queen of adultery : William of Tyre even accused of incest with his own uncle. Forcing them to follow Eleanor, Louis VII left Antioch and went to Jerusalem where he performed the pilgrimage he had imposed. In June 1148 , he attempted to take Damascus , before which his army was repulsed. The royal couple spent another year in the Holy Land before returning separately to France by sea king first stop in Calabria where he landed on 29 July 1149. He stayed in the kingdom of Sicily , where he waited three weeks the queen's arrival from Palermo . At Potenza and for three days, Louis VII was the guest of King Norman Roger II of Sicily. On the way back, he had to Tivoli an interview with Pope Eugene III (9-10 October 1149) . In the end the participation of Louis VII to the Second Crusade was severely detrimental to the future of the kingdom, because the expedition was a heavy defeat on all fronts: Upon the return trip in France, in November 1149 , Louis VII think to separate Eleanor. But Pope Eugenius III , during a stop in Monte Cassino , and the Abbot Suger manage to reconcile, and in 1150 , Alix of France (1150-1195) , second daughter of the royal couple, was born. However, after the death of Suger in 1151 , the king always desiring separation, the council Beaugency finally found a loophole, arguing that the great-mother of Eleanor, Audarde of Burgundy, was the granddaughter Robert the Pious, King's grandfather (cousins to the 9th civil degree, but at 5 degreescanonical ), and therefore annuls the marriage on 18 March 1152. Eleanor takes her dowry, and 18 May 1152 , she married her second husband the Earl of Anjou, Henry Plantagenet , who becomes king of England in 1154. He's 19 and she 30. This policy supplements fault as a trigger in the rivalry between the kings of France and the kings of England, which began in the reign of Henry I of France , ending in the middle of the thirteenth century. Louis VII supports the revolts of Brittany and Poitou against England, and that of the son of Henry II against their father. He is assisted in this: In the name remained unknown mistress, he is the father of Philip of France (d. 1161). In 1163 : In 1180 : Following the abandonment of the Abbey of Barbeau, Louis XVIII is carrying the 30 June 1817 , the ashes of Louis VII to the Basilica of Saint-Denis , burial place of the kings of France. While educating for cleric or monk rather than a king, Louis VII has played an important role in the history of France: However, the Second Crusade was calamitous, and separation from Eleanor of Aquitaine is a serious error, which provides a vassal minor way to win, putting the king of France in territorial inferiority for almost a half-century. It took the action of three great kings, Philip Augustus , Louis VIII the Lion and Louis IX , to redress the situation and ultimately reduce the consequences of this heavy decision. The monarchy, hitherto traveling, settled in Paris since the king's presence throughout its area is no longer necessary. An embryo of central and local government was formed. Around him, the familiar gave political advice, and will form the King's Council , the central services of the monarchy together the heads of palace servants. In the provinces, the provosts have been asked by the king to collect revenues, levy troops and deliver justice. Like his father, the king will support the movement for emancipation of Commons, will grant privileges to empower rural communities and serfs. Early reign
The Second Crusade
Separation from Eleanor
Unions and progeny
Major events of his reign
Review of the reign
Bibliography
External link
References
Preceded by Louis VII of France Followed by Louis VI 
King of the Franks 
1137 - 1180 Philip II
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