Latin Patriarch Of Jerusalem
The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is one of the patriarchs Eastern Catholics. This is the title the oldest among all the Eastern Catholic patriarchs date since 1099 and only the Latin rite.
Indeed, after the capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders in 1099 , a religious structure, the Latin Patriarchate , Jerusalem is created in addition to a temporal structure, which will be the kingdom of Jerusalem.
Summary |
Patriarchs during the Crusades
The Patriarch of Jerusalem is one of the most prestigious bishoprics in Christendom, the first owner was Jacques the Just and Simeon , the own cousins of Christ. When shooting in Jerusalem, 15 July 1099. The Crusaders also do not accept that this office is run by a Greek religious confession, a member of a church separated from Rome since the schism of 1054 between East and West. The religious crusaders thus create the 1 August 1099 the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem and appoints its first owner, Arnold Chocques. John VIII, the Greek patriarch of Jerusalem, eventually taking refuge in Constantinople around 1107, and one of his successors will not return to Jerusalem in 1187.
Patriarchs sitting in Jerusalem (1099-1187) | |||
| Arnulf Chocques ( 1118) | elected on 1 August 1099 | submitted on 26 or December 31, 1099 | |
| Daimbert Pisa ( 1105) | elected the 26 or December 31, 1099 | filed in September 1102 | |
| Evremar Throuanne ( 1129) later Archbishop of Caesarea | elected in October 1102 | filed in 1108 | |
| Gibelin Sabran ( 1112) former Archbishop of Arles and legate of Pope | elected in spring 1108 | died April 6, 1112 | |
| Arnulf Chocques ( 1118) | elected April 26, 1112 | died April 28, 1118 | |
| Gormond Picquigny ( 1128) | elected in January 1119 | dead end 1128 | |
| Stephen of Chartres , falsely called "La Ferte ( 1130) | elected in late 1128 | death in the autumn of 1130 | |
| William I ( 1145) | elected in late 1130 | died November 25, 1145 | |
| Foucher Angoulme ( 1157), former Archbishop of Tyre | elected January 26, 1146 | died November 20, 1157 | |
| Amaury de Nesle ( 1180) | 1157/1158 elected | died October 6, 1180 | |
| Heraclius d'Auvergne ( 1191) | elected October 26, 1180 | death in July 1191 | |
Patriarchs serving at St. John of Acre (1191-1291)After the capture of Jerusalem in 1187, the seat of the patriarchate was transferred to Tyre , then to St. Jean d'Acre in 1191. The Patriarch returned to Jerusalem in 1229, when surrendering to the Franks of the city, then left again at Saint Jean d'Acre in 1244. Saint-Jean d'Acre had its own bishop, but the two are merged in 1261. | |||
| Rudolph, former Bishop of Bethlehem | elected in 1191 | death in 1192 | |
| Michel Corbeil | elected in 1193 | appointed Meaning in March 1194 | |
| Aymar Le Moine | elected in 1194 | died during the summer 1202 | |
| Soffredo Gaetani | elected in 1202 | resigns in 1204 | |
| Albert Avogadro , bishop of Vercelli | elected in February March 1204 | killed Sept. 14, 1214 | |
| Raoul I de Mrencourt | elected in 1215 | death in 1224 | |
| Tommaso del Vescovo | elected in 1225 but not confirmed | ||
| Gerold of Lausanne former abbot of Cluny and the Bishop of Valencia | elected May 10, 1225 | died December 5, 1239 | |
| Robert de Nantes | elected May 15, 1240 | died June 8, 1254 | |
| Opizo, Latin Patriarch of Antioch | elected in 1254 but not confirmed | ||
| Jacques Pantaleon , a former bishop of Verdun | elected April 9, 1255 | elected Pope (Urban IV) August 29, 1261 | |
| William II | elected December 9, 1262 died April 21, 1270 | ||
| Tommaso Agni ( OP ), Archbishop of Cosenza | elected March 17, 1272 | died September 22, 1277 | |
| John of Vercelli , OP | appointed by the Pope in May 1278, resigns | ||
| I. Helie | elected May 10, 1279 | death in 1287 | |
| Hanaps of Nicolas , OP | elected April 30, 1288 | drowned May 18, 1291 during the evacuation of Acre | |
The patriarchs hold
After the capture of St. Jean d'Acre , patriarchy, which roughly corresponds to the territory of the kingdom of Jerusalem disappears from a territorial perspective. But the pope continued to appoint holders of the patriarchs and their attributes in 1374 the Basilica of St. Lawrence Outside the Walls in Rome.
In XIV century , in addition to the basilica, the patriarch had the enjoyment of many areas in the territories of the East remained in the hands of the Latins (Cyprus, Lesbos, Chios, Candia, Rhodes, Naxos, ...) but its holdings dwindled As to the progress of Turkish conquests.
- 1295-1304: Landolfo
- 1305-1311: Anthony Bek, Bishop of Durham.
- 1314-1318: Peter I, bishop of Rodez , papal legate in the East.
- 1322-1324: Pierre II, canon in Nicosia.
- 1324-1328: Raymond Beguin, OP , director of the Diocese of Cyprus Nemosia.
- 1329-1342: Pierre III de la Palud, OP.
- 1342-1345: Elijah II , OM, Archbishop of Nicosia, Cardinal
- 1345: Emanuele Marino, OM
- 1345-1348: Pierre IV de Casa , Bishop of Vaison
- 1349-1360: William III Lamy , Bishop of Chartres
- 1361-1369: Philip I of Cabassolle , bishop of Cavaillon
- 1369-1371: Guillaume IV Militis, OP
- 1371-1375: William V. Guard , Archbishop of Arles
- 1375-1379: Philip II of Alenon , archbishop of Rouen , Cardinal.
- 1379-1418: With the great Western Schism (1378-1418), there are several popes at the same time each appoint a patriarch of Jerusalem:
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- 1419-1427: Francisco Cepera, Archbishop of Zaragoza
- 1427-1434: Ziani Delfino, OM, Patriarch of Grado
- 1434-1448: Blaise Molin, Patriarch of Grado
- 1448-1449: Christoforo Garatoni, bishop of Coron
- 1449-1458: Bessarion, Cardinal
- 1458-1460: Lorenzo Zani, Archbishop of Split
- 1460-1480: Louis d'Harcourt , bishop of Bayeux
- 1480-1503: Bartolomeo de la Rovere, bishop of Ferrara
- 1504-1523: Bernardino Carvajal , Cardinal-Dean
- 1523-1539: Rodrigo Carvajal, nephew of the previous
- 1539-1550: Alessandro Farnese cardinal
- 1550-1556: Christoforo Spiriti, bishop of Cesena
- 1558-1576: Antonio Helia, bishop of Pola
- 1576-1585: Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti , the future Pope Innocent IX.
- 1585-1588: Bozzolo Scipione Gonzaga , Cardinal
- 1588-1618: Fabio Bondi
- 1618-1621: Giambattista Cennini , Cardinal
- 1621-1622: Diofebo Farnese
- 1622-1627: Alfonso Manzanedo of Quinones
- 1627-1635: Domenico Marini, Archbishop of Genoa
- 1636-1637: Giovanni Colonna
- 1638-1641: Tegrimio Tegrimi, Bishop of Assisi
- 1641-1647: Egidio Orsini Vivere
- 1653-1670: Camillo Massimo , Cardinal
- 1671 -?? : Egidio Colonna
- 1689-1690: Bandino Panciatici , Cardinal
- 1690-1694: Bargellini Pietro, archbishop of Thebes
- 1698-1706: Francesco Martelli
- 1708-1728: Mutio Gaeta, archbishop of Bari
- 1728-1729: Vincenzo Luigi Gotti , OP
- 1729-1734: Pompeio Aldrovandi , Archbishop of Neocaesarea
- 1734-1751: Tomaso Cervini , Archbishop of Nicomedia
- 1751-1762: Tomaso Moncada , Archbishop of Messina
- 1762-1795: Giorgio Maria Laskaris , Archbishop of Theodosia
- 1800-1802: Michele di Pietro , bishop of Isauporaulis
- 1816-1829: Francesco Maria Fenzi , Archbishop of Corfu
- 1830-1847: Paolo Augusto Foscolo, Archbishop of Corfu, Patriarch of Alexandria in 1847
The patriarchs residents since 1847
In 1842, the Anglican Church Anglican diocese creates in Jerusalem, then the Russian Orthodox Church sends an evangelical mission to Palestine shortly thereafter. Fearing that the influence of the Catholic Church does not disappear in this region, Pope Pius IX decided to re-establish a new hierarchy Latin. After discussion within the curia , he decided to restore the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem on 23 July 1847 and announced on October 4 that the Ottoman Empire allowed its recovery, with a jurisdiction extending over Palestine and Cyprus. He spends a few days later at the Quirinal Palace , Bishop Valerga , which will build a twenty year later the Co-Cathedral Latin patriarchy.
Not wanting this patriarch is subject to national competitions, the popes called for the seat that the Italians until 1987. The appointment of Monsignor Michel Sabbah in 1987 marks a change in this policy. This is indeed the first Arab Palestinian to hold the title. The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem appears as the local leader of a local church.
| Giuseppe Valerga | appointed October 4, 1847 | died December 2, 1872 |
| Vincente Bracco | appointed March 21, 1873 | died June 19, 1889 |
| Luigi Piavi | appointed 23 August 1889 | died January 24, 1905 |
| Filippo Camassei | appointed 8 November 1906 | created Cardinal December 15, 1919 ( 18-1-1921) |
| Luigi Barlassina | appointed March 8, 1920 | died September 27, 1947 |
| Alberto Gori | appointed 21 November 1949 | died November 25, 1970 |
| Giacomo Beltritti | appointed 25 November 1970 | resigned December 11, 1987 (age limit) |
| Michel Sabbah | appointed December 11, 1987 | resigned June 21, 2008 (age limit) |
| Fouad Twal | appointed 21 June 2008 |
Notes
Bibliography
- R. Aubert, Dictoinnaire of Ecclesiastical History and Geography, Vol. XXVI, Amer and Letouzey, 1997, p. 1124-1130 .
- G. Fedalto, La Chiesa Latina in Oriente, ed. Mazziana, et al. "Studi religiosi" No. 3, Verona, 3 vols, 1973-1978.
- La Chiesa Latina in Oriente, Vol.1, 1981 (2nd ed. Inc.), 671 p.
- La Chiesa Latina in Oriente / Hierarchia orientis latina, Vol.2, 2006 (2nd ed. Inc.), 300 p. ISBN 88-85073-77-8
- La Chiesa Latina in Oriente / Documenti veneziani, Vol.3, 1978, 308 p.
- W. Hotzelt, im Zeitalter der Kirchengeschichte Palstina Kreuzzge 1099-1291, ed. Bachem, et al. "Palstina Kirchengeschichte von der bis zur Gegenwart Urkirche" No. 3, Cologne, 1940, 253 p.
- B. Hamilton, The Latin church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church, London, Variorum Publications, 1980
- L.de MAS-RSI, "The Latin patriarch of Jerusalem," in Journal of the Latin East, 1 (1893) 16-44.
Related articles
- Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem
- Patriarch of Jerusalem
- Latin Patriarch of Alexandria
- Latin Patriarch of Antioch
- Latin Patriarch of Constantinople
- Pentarchy
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