Kurt Aland

Kurt Aland in 1990.

Kurt Aland (* Berlin , 28. March 1915 ; Mnster , 13. April 1994 ) was a German theologian and professor of New Testament Introduction and History of Christianity.

Life

Kurt Aland in 1933 studied Protestant theology at Humboldt University in Berlin. His theological examination, he presented to the brothers of Confessing Church , 23 March 1938. During his studies he worked at the Journal of the Confessing Church, a young church ("Junge Kirche"). In the ideology brochure "Wer flscht?, Directed, among others, against National Socialist Mathilde Ludendorff, it is clearly positioned on the side of the Confessing Church. The degree in 1939 he graduated with Hans Lietzmann. Following a war injury (1940) become unfit for military service, he returned in 1941 the editor in chief of theological literature, and more and more after the death of his master, President Hans Lietzmann functions. In 1941 he became a university professor, in 1944, he was ordained in Berlin-Steglitz evangelical pastor.

After the war he was appointed associate professor in the Faculty of Theology at Humboldt University in Berlin in 1947 and professor at Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg at the same time perception of the teaching mission in Berlin.

Aland critical attitude towards the Marxist regime of the GDR and its members and its activities in the circle of spirit led to the persecution by the SED. In 1953, he was under the command of watches smuggled to West Berlin to have taken for three months in detention. Even his contacts with the freedom of counsel for the inquiry and RIAS were charged. Aland said several times publicly opposed the abolition of church and academic freedom in the GDR. Due to "malicious inhibition of the socialist transformation of universities Aland July 14, 1958 by the university summarily rejected. Aaland fled to West Berlin in September 1958. His library of 8,000 volumes has been incorporated into the university library.

1959 Aland, a professor at Mnster Westflische Wilhelm-Universitt. Here he founded the Research Institute of New Testament text, which he directed until 1983. The Institute was awarded with the publication known as the Nestle-Aland Graeca Novum Testamentum awareness of the world's interest.

Aland was married second wife, Barbara Aland. His first marriage with Ingeborg Aland have three children.

Work

Audience with Pope John Paul II

Kurt Aland can within increasing specialization, even in theology, as one of the last representatives are as complete work of historical research and theological depth . He is the author of numerous publications textual criticism. He is best known completely revised edition of Novum Testamentum Graeca (Nestle / Aland) 1979 . This basic text is used for scientific work on the New Testament in order of greatest possible approximation of the text as "original" New Testament.

Kurt Aland undertook several trips to the monasteries, including Russia and Greece, with which the "discovery" and documentation from many New Testament manuscripts were connected. In addition, he worked among other things, by the "Fondazione Hermann Kunst", in the figures compiled since 1964 in politics, economy and society, to promote and support the Research Institute of New Testament records.

Another aspect of his work have been the work history of the Church, both in the field of the early Church, as in the history of the Reformation, the history of the modern church of piety and waking early. Critical depth and width and full knowledge of the sources of Aland is highlighted. This gives the church Alands individual work history of a presence and vitality of this important aspect a wissenschaftsdidaktisch ^Honors

Kurt Aland has received honorary degrees include:

• 1950: Doctor of Divinity, University of Gttingen
• 1957: Doctor of Divinity, University of St Andrews (Scotland)
• 1971: Doctor of Letters, Wartburg College, Waverly (Iowa)

He received the following awards:

• 1963: Gold Athos-cross the Athenagoras I of Constantinople ,
• 1975: "Burkitt Medal for Biblical Studies" by the British Academy ,
• 1976: Grand Cross of Merit ,
• 1983: Grand Cross of Merit with the plate (Verdienstkreuz Groes mit Stern) ,
• 1985: Luther Medal "of the Martin-Luther-Universitt Halle-Wittenberg
• 1985: "Canstein Medal" of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
• 1993: "Price St. Paul" from the American Lutheran Community Historical ,

Kurt Aland has been a member of scientific academies in the following areas:

• 1955: Academy of Sciences of Saxony (Schsische Akademie der Wissenschaften)
• 1969: Royal Society
• 1975: Gttingen Academy of Sciences (Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Gttingen)
• since 1976: Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Netherlands

Publications

Theology books

• Spener-Studien. 1943. (Arbeiten zur Geschichte des I. Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte Pietismus. Band 28.)
• Kirchengeschichtliche Entwrfe. Alte Kirche - Luthertum Reformation und - und Pietismus Erweckungsbewegung. 1960.
• Die Neuen Testament und im Suglingstaufe in der alten Kirche. Eine Antwort year Joachim Jeremias. In: THB. NF 86, 1961.
• ber den in der Geschichte des Glaubenswechsel Christentums. 1961.
• Taufe und Kindertaufe. 40 Stze zur Aussage des Neuen Testaments und dem historischen Befund, zur Debatte darber und den modernen Folgerungen Daraus fr die Praxis kirchliche - zugleich eine Auseinandersetzung mit Karl Barths Lehre von der Taufe. 1971.
• Neutestamentliche Entwrfe. 1979. (Theol. Bcherei, NT. 63.)

Work on the New Testament philology

• Bibel und bei August Hermann Francke Bibeltexte und Johann Albrecht Bengel. In: Bibel und Pietismus. 1970, S. 89-147 (AGP 9.)
• A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. A Companion Volume To The United Bible Societies Greek New Testament. 3. Auflage. 1971.
• mit Barbara Aland: Der Text des Neuen Testaments. Einfhrung in die wissenschaftlichen Ausgaben sowie in Theorie und Praxis der modernen Textkritik. 1982.
• Die Grundurkunde of Glaubens. Ein Bericht ber 40 Jahre Arbeit year ihrem Text. In: Bericht der Hermann Kunst-Stiftung zur Frderung der fr die Jahre Neutestamentlichen Textforschung 1982 bis 1984. 1985, S. 9-75.
• Das Neue Testament - zuverlssig berliefert. Die Geschichte und die Ergebnisse neutestamentlichen Texts der modernen Textforschung. 1986. (Wissenswertes zur Bibel. 4.)
• Text und der griechischen Handschriften Textwert des Neuen Testaments. Band I-III. 1987ff. (Arbeiten zur neutestamentlichen Textforschung.)

Editorships

• Quellen zur Geschichte und Papsttums of Rmischen Katholizismus. Band 1: Von den bis zum Anfngen Tridentinum. Reihe II: Die Kirche nach dem 2. Vatikanischen Konzil. Band 1: Die Jahre 1966 und 1967.

New Testament literature

• Synopsis Quattuor Evangeliorum. Locis evangeliorum parallel, and apocryphorum patrum adhibitis. Hrsg. Kurt Aland. 1963.
• Zum griechischen Neuen vollstndige Konkordanz Testament unter modernen kritischen Zugrundelegung go Textausgaben und the Textus Receptus. In Verbindung mit H. Riesenfeld, H.-U. Rosenbaum, Chr. Hannick, B. Bonsack, neu zusammengestellt unter der Leitung von Kurt Aland. 1975ff.
• Computer-zum Novum Testamentum Graeca Konkordanz von und zum Aland26-Nestle Greek New Testament3. Hrsg. vom Institut fr und vom neutestamentliche Textforschung Rechenzentrum der Universitt Mnster, von unter besonderer Mitwirkung H. Bachmann und WA Slaby. 1977.
• Novum Testamentum Graeca. Post Eberhard Nestle and Erwin Nestle. Hrsg. K. Aland, M. Black, CM Martini, BM Metzger, A. Wikgren.
• Luther Deutsch. Studienausgabe in 10 Banden und Registerband 1. 4. Auflage. Gttingen 1991, ISBN 3-8252-1656-X. Kurt Aland Entspricht (Hrsg.): Martin Luther. Gesammelte Werke. CD-ROM. Direct Media Publishing, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89853-163-5. Beide Ausgaben in heutigem Deutsch.
• Novum Testamentum Latin. Novam Vulgatam Bibliorum sacrorum Editionem secuity apparatibus titulisque additives. Bearb. Kurt Aland und Barbara Aland. 1984.
• Griechisch-deutsches Wrterbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments und der Literatur von Walter Bauer frhchristlichen. 6. Auflage. Institut fr Neutestamentliche Textforschung / Mnster unter besonderer Mitwirkung von Viktor Reichmann. Hrsg. Kurt Aland und Barbara Aland. 1988.

On Aland

• Hermann Kunst: Kurt Aland: eine Wrdigung. In: M. Brecht (Hrsg.): Text - Wort - Glaube. Studien zur Interpretation und berlieferung Autorisierung Biblische text. 1980, S. 1-15.
• Grundlagen der Apologetik. Kurt Aland zum 70. Geburtstag. Konsultation der fr landeskirchlichen Beauftragten Weltanschauungsfragen, 1985. (Dokumentations-Edition 7.)
• PS: Das Neue Testament neu geschrieben. Zum Tode Mnsteraner Bibelwissenschaftlers of Kurt Aland. In: FAZ vom 16. April 1994, S. 4.
• Mr. Hengel: Laudatio auf Aland. In: Hermann Kunst-Stiftung (Hrsg.): Kurt Aland in memoriam. 1995, S. 17-34.
• E. Mhlenberg Kurt Aland. In: Gnomon. 68, 1996. S. 92-94.
• Robert Stupperich Die Evangelisch-Theologische Fakultt der Universitt Mnster. In: H. Dollinger (Hrsg.): Die Universitt Mnster 1780-1980. 1980, S. 241-252, 249f;.

Related articles

• Christian theologians famous
• Protestantism
• Textual variants of the New Testament

External Links

• "Aland" in -Biographisch bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL).
• Henrik Eberle: Biografie Alands
• Editions of the Greek New Testament , List of expenditure available

Movies

• To work in a New Testament in Greek (German), 1977
• Short interview with Kurt Aland (German), 1989

References

• Portal religions and beliefs
• Germany portal

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