Karl Barth
Karl Barth ( Basel , 10 May 1886 - Basel, 10 December 1968 ) was a theologian the Protestant Swiss regarded as one of the major figures in Christian theology of the twentieth century , all creeds.
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Son of a professor of theology, he began studying theology in Bern , before continuing to Berlin where he was studying with Adolf von Harnack , one of the leaders the brightest of the historical school criticism and liberal theology , and then to Tbingen and finally at Marburg where he follows the teachings of Wilhelm Herrmann in which he constantly refers thereafter Theology dialectic In 1919 he published Der Rmerbrief, an exegesis of the Epistle to the Romans , a book that provoked many reactions and whose hearing is far from being limited to the Reformed Church. He rewrote his entire commentary in 1922 , posing as the leader of the movement of dialectical theology or theology of the Word of God. God only speaks well of God. Any genuine theology is an act of audacity ( Franz Overbeck ) who agrees to let happen to the Word of God as a breach in the theological discourse. In 1921 he became professor of Reformed theology at Gttingen and began a systematic theological reflection that will become a major reference for his age. In 1931, he said Anselm of Canterbury , Fides quaerens intellectum, and moves from dialectical analogy: the big "Yes" of God in Jesus Christ said, is analogically, echoing the words preached by the Church and criticized by the theologian to purify it constantly. His rejection of any starting point in human knowledge of God, basing the knowledge of God in a human disposition, and his concern to preserve the pure gift of grace, a pure product of revelation in Christ, leads him to break with some old friends (Gogarten, Brunner, Bultmann) more concerned with the foundation anthropological theology. In 1932 appeared the first volume of Kirchliche Dogmatik (translated into French under the title "dogmatic"), a work - unfinished - which he will continue writing until the end of his life. The pursuit of this impressive work of thinking does not cut it the reality of his time. Barth introduces theology at the heart of everyday life. In 1934, he was the principal author of the Barmen Theological Declaration , the basic text of Christian opposition to the ideology of Nazi. Suspended because of his refusal to swear allegiance to Hitler, then deported to Germany, he became professor of systematic theology at Basel. He attends the first meeting of the World Council of Churches at Amsterdam in 1948: "Is it not said that we must seek first the Kingdom of God and His righteousness," he recalls during the session opening. For Barth, the Bible is that God directs the inquiry to men. After the end of the Second World War , Karl Barth maintains a long theological debate with the great Swiss Catholic theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar. The both were profoundly influenced by music. Much later, Hans Urs von Balthasar publish a huge amount of dogmatic theology in which music plays an important role (The Divine Drama and its "abstract" The truth is symphonic) and Karl Barth a little book on Mozart. At the end of his life, he participated in the fight against the proliferation of atomic weapons. He was always close to the socialist left Germany and Switzerland, and was himself criticized for his position, tried accommodating vis--vis the Stalinism. Karl Barth was certainly the most prolific Protestant theologian of his time, and one of the most influential with Rudolf Bultmann and Paul Tillich. With Jrgen Moltmann , he exerted an influence "underground" on the whole theology of liberation , particularly influencing the Brazilian Rubem Alves . Nevertheless, the impact of his work was very subtle in the 1960s, except perhaps paradoxically in Catholic theology. On the Protestant side, evangelical churches and historic acquired the political theologies (admittedly partly from Barth) or neo-liberal granted him less attention. This is so probably because Barth led the theology at the peak of its ability to immediately challenge his intention to "talk about God" so explain. The theologian is then applied against the work of Barth of a deep malaise as he sees it questioned its legitimacy when it accomplishes its mission with the highest sense of duty. The Kirchliche Dogmatik
Posterity
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