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Jewish Identity

Jewishness, defined as Jewishness

Adherence everyday laws , customs and beliefs of the Jewish people, or accession to this people and their Jewishness through a religious conversion criteria were long almost exclusively used by observant Jews to characterize their Jewishness.

Jewishness

The Haskalah , the Jewish equivalent of the Enlightenment , however, extended the intellectual horizon of the Jews beyond the fundamentally religious aspect of their Jewishness, and soon the Jews was no more than one way to define their Jewishness in competition with the culture at large, the feeling of belonging to a social group, or political ideology. According to Daniel Boyarin , "Jewishness disrupts all categories of identity because it is neither national nor family, nor religious, but all those there at the time, in dialectical tension." These criteria of Jewishness also became those people are not recognized as Jewish by the religious and legal criteria of belonging to Judaism, but who nevertheless consider themselves as authentic members of the Jewish people.

According to the philosopher Amsterdam Ido Abram , Jewish identity is currently measured in terms of five criteria, namely:

  1. religion, culture , and tradition,
  2. the link with the Zionism and Israel ,
  3. management of anti-Semitism , including issues of persecution and survival,
  4. personal experiences,
  5. relations to people and non-Jewish culture. ,

The relative importance of these factors can vary greatly depending on location. A Dutch Jew could define her Jewishness as "Jew / Jewish birth," while a Jew from Romania, where antisemitism is more now, could say, "I consider any form of denial as proof of cowardice."

"Half-Jew"

The term "half-Jew" is recent and controversial use to describe people with one parent, usually the father, is Jewish. However, as noted by Gershom Scholem , where intermarriage was formerly done by individuals who wanted to abandon Jewish identity, it became clear after 1870 that a growing number of these individuals wanted to maintain links with the Jewish community. This status was non-existent under the Halacha , which defined the Jew as born of a Jewish mother or converted to Judaism, but he had a legal history during the Nazi era, where halbJude were subjected to the same discrimination as Jews (although at a lesser degree) and sometimes in the deportation or execution. Many Jews reject thus the name "half-Jew", while others use it to suggest that Jewishness is an identity more ethno-cultural than religious. The term "half-Jew", as some Grandsart Catherine and Thierry Levy-Tadjine prefer that of "Jewish side" to affirm that they have ethnically Jewish without necessarily share the faith of the Jewish people.

People from a mixed marriage may not fully identify as Jewish, whether or not to adopt Judaism as a religion. They are particularly numerous in the United States, rivaling that of "Jews on both sides," especially among young children. The "half-Jew" began to form themselves into independent identity, with its own characteristics of tolerance and adaptation, but perhaps also a sense of detachment, spiritual indifference, or ill-defined identity. , , .

In the fifth century AD, Roman legions violate Jewish women of North Africa. The Halacha states since the mother will transmit Judaism.

See also

Related articles

Bibliography

  • Thierry Levy-Tadjine, Witness in Lebanon with Hezbollah, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2008, ISBN: 978-2-296-06619-9
  • Nathalie SABA Paradoxes of Jewishness in the work of novelistic Alert Memmi, ed. Edilivre APARIS, Paris, 2008.

External Links

References

  1. in Le Petit Larousse Large Format, ed. 2006, page 608.
  2. The French spelling with a tiny Jewish written word to refer to when practicing Jew Jewish religion.
  3. Daniel Boyarin, A Radical Jew: Paul and The Politics of Identity, 14 October 1994 , University of California Press , Berkeley (California) , ISBN 0-520-08592-2 , available online
    "The Very Jewishness disrupts categories of identity, Because It Is not national, not genealogical, not Religious, drank all of thesis, in Dialectical tension With One Another. "
  4. The spelling French Jew written with a capital letter when the word to refer to a Jewish ethno-cultural sense.
  5. "What does it mean to Be Jewish" , Jewish Historical Museum, accessed March 16, 2006.
  6. Monica Savulescu Voudouris and Camil Fuchs, Jewish identity After the Second World War, Editura Hasefer, Bucharest, 1999 16. ISBN 973-9235-73-5
  7. Monica Savulescu Voudouris and Camil Fuchs (1999), p. 56.
  8. Scholem, Gershom , who is Jewish
  9. Half-Jewish.net
  10. HalfJew.com
  11. Daniel Klein and Freke Vuijst, The Half-Jewish Book: A Celebration, New York: Villard Books, 2000.
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