Jerusalem Talmud
The Talmud of Jerusalem (in Hebrew or simply formerly known as the or is a compilation of discussions Rabbinic discussions elaborating on the Mishnah in Aramaic West, having held land of Israel to same period as the Babylonian Talmud. Nevertheless, hastily drafted two centuries earlier than the latter, under pressure from historical circumstances, it covers more topics (especially topics related to farm bills and tithes, whose validity is limited in principle to the Land of Israel), it is growing less and is ultimately less important and comprehensive volume. The treaties of the order Neziqin show significant differences in shape and style compared to other treaties, which suggests they are the result of a composition oldest (50 years before the rest of the Talmud).
From a halachic, the Babylonian Talmud has precedence over him, and also studied more. For this reason, many fragments of Yerushalmi are lost and could not be found.
Summary |
Just as the Babylonian Talmud , the Jerusalem Talmud goal was to develop the oral tradition Jews who had been crystallized in the Mishna in the second century CE. Following the writing of this, many scholars Jews who lived in the province of Syria, Palestine under Roman control, were forced into exile in Persia following the severe decrees of the Emperor Hadrian after the revolt of Bar Kochba. Scholars who remained, mainly in Galilee, decided to continue teaching despite the ban which affected the whole study and all teaching of Jewish texts, in the academies that existed since the Mishnaic era. The originators of what would be codified as the Talmud of Jerusalem, were Rabbi Hanina and Rabbi Oshaya.
Although the Jerusalem Talmud progresst at the same pace as its Babylonian counterpart while covering more topics (see below), his study was made much harder by the Roman authorities. Schools where it was being developed had to be held in secret. Things did get worse in the conversion of Emperor Constantine I to Christianity in 313.
During the reign of Emperor Theodosius II , the Jewish community was persecuted heavily. Under the influence of his older sister, Pulcher, the Byzantine Emperor turned to Orthodox Christianity , whose size anti-Jewish and anti-Semitic led to the destruction of places of worship Jews, synagogues and academies. Following these pressures, the last great scholars of Syria Palestine, Rav Mana and Rabbi Yossi drafted the Jerusalem Talmud, about the year 400 of the Common Era.
Related articles
References
- The Yerushalmi - The Talmud of the Land of Israel: An Introduction, Jacob Neusner, Jason Aronson, 1992. ISBN 0-87668-812-1
- The Palestinian Talmud , Jewish Encyclopedia
- What is Talmud Yerushalmi? , faqs.org
- Jewish History: Talmud , Aish.com
- The Jerusalem Talmud , ORT
- Talmud / Mishna / Gemara , Jewish Virtual Library
- Jewish Law Research Guide , University of Miami Law Library
- A survey of Rabbinic Literature , Ohr Somayach
External Links
- Full text of the Jerusalem Talmud , Mechon-mamre.org ( Hebrew )
- site of the Schottenstein Edition of the Talmud Yerushalmi
| Literature of the Sages | Mishnah Tosefta Baraita Gemara Talmud of Babylon and Jerusalem Minor Treatment Midrash Targum |  |
| Later medieval literature and | Responsa codes and compilations of Jewish law exegesis Philosophy Ethics Kabbalah | |
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