Isma39Il Muhammad Ibn He
Isma'il Muhammad ibn `He Biography Isma'il Muhammad bin `24 years he lived with his grandfather, Jafar as-Sadiq and another 10 years with his family in Medina. Throughout this time he kept quiet until the death of his grandfather in 765 , only a few relatives having knowledge of his identity real. It was indeed wanted by the Caliph Abbasid Harun ar-Rashid , an opponent of Shiism in general. Medina he sent his missionaries not only to preach the Ismailis but also to find a country where he could get away from the threat Abbasid. When the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid had information about him, he sent emissaries to arrest him. Isma'il Muhammad bin `he managed to escape through a tunnel he had installed for this purpose. In 799 , his uncle Musa al-Kazim , recognized by the Twelver as their imam, was imprisoned in Baghdad by the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid, and then poisoned. During his flight Muhammad ibn Isma `he was accompanied by a Maymun al-Qaddah (the flamboyant Maymun), unless such name is the pseudonym used by Muhammad ibn Isma `it in his travels. In both cases the speaker on behalf of Muhammad ibn Isma `he called himself al-Maymun Qaddh. Assuming the hypothesis of two characters, Muhammad ibn Isma `he had a son named Abdullah al-Wafi in 828 and Maymun al-Qaddh would have had a son also named Abdullah. So that the two characters hiding behind their namesakes. This possible confusion, even this exchange of roles served the Abbasids to discredit the valid original caliphs Fatimid (Shia) in 1010. This period of life hidden earned his nickname Muhammad al-Maktum (the "Silent") (secret silent) . In 805 , Caliph Rashid instructs bin Ishaq al-`Abbas , governor of Ray (near the present city of Tehran ), to arrest Muhammad ibn Isma `il and send him to Baghdad. But the governor, practicing secretly Ismailism, does not obey. Spies revealed to him that the caliph not only stayed with Imam al-Abbas, but it was from here that the missionaries ( da `is ). Moreover, the governor of Khorasan , the eastern province of Persia, overwhelmed his subjects with excessive taxes. Harun ar-Rashid took the decision to file this governor abusive, and thereby stop the Ismailis. At a meeting between the two, to Ray, the governor of Khorasan came into force with gifts, but Ishaq bin al-`Abbas, the governor of Ray, was arrested and tortured to death without anything that might reveal whatsoever. Isma'il Muhammad bin `he took refuge in another governor, friend of the Ismailis in the region of Hamadan , where he had a peaceful life. Surprised at prayer at the mosque by an officer of the Abbasids, Muhammad ibn Isma `he fled to the south of Persia in Khuzestan (now bordering province of Iraq ). From there he fled back to Khorasan disguised as a merchant and settled in Chapur ( Shapur ) in the province of Fars (southwestern Iran). Still pursued by the Abbasids, Muhammad ibn Isma `he finally took refuge in the Ferghana Valley , north-eastern Uzbekistan , at the foot of the chain of Pamir. He died in 813 and his son Abdullah al-Wafi, who succeeded him . References
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