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Ibrahim

On an illumination Ottoman , Gabriel stops the arm Ibrahim prepared to sacrifice his son as Islamic tradition apparent Ishmael.

Ibrahim ( Arabic : ) is the name of Abraham in the Islam and the Arabic-speaking Christians. It bears the nickname Hanifa , and is commonly called Khalil Allah (the intimate friend of God) .

Summary

In the Qur'an

Ibrahim is quoted several times in the Koran , and Sura 14 has traditionally been its name. Ibrahim's youth is evoked, particularly its feud with his father Azar , who symbolizes the ancient polytheistic belief. The Koran also mentions his discovery of the monotheistic faith, presented as an offshoot of his reason.

In the passage from the Koran describing this episode, Ibrahim is looking for a god and means first a star as his lord. But it disappears, much to his disappointment. Subsequently, he did the same for the Moon , then the Sun. But eventually they deny all the idols worshiped by his father and his peers, and turns to "Who has created (from nothing) the heavens and the earth" .

In the Koran, Ibrahim chooses one day not to attend a feast, claiming he is sick, and benefits from the absence of others to destroy all the idols of his village, except one of them. Acknowledgement of this sacrilegious act of destruction, he says it is the remaining idol, most of them, who is responsible, and defies the other villagers to testify, seeking to show that it s 'acts as a simple act, not a divine being. For these acts, Ibrahim was sentenced to be burned, but God saved him.

This episode is close to the Jewish tradition, including the midrash Abraham, idols and Nimrod. According to the Koran, when he returned from exile at the taking of Mecca, where he destroyed the idols.

Ibrahim is married to Sarah , renowned for its beauty, and he introduces as his sister. This attracts the attention of Pharaoh, who tries to abuse her. God intervenes and the Pharaoh, paralyzed, unable to touch her. He went to Ibrahim and his wife offered him many presents, as Ibrahim refused to accept. He proposed to Sarah making a servant of the four hundred young girls in his kingdom. She chose the one that has a higher status than all others, Hagar , as she enjoys her first meeting . Ibrahim, following the advice of Sarah who was barren, then wife Hagar who bears him a son: Ishmael.

Sarah Hagar makes hunt-became nasty towards her and her son Ishmael. They wander in the desert and died of thirst if the archangel Gabriel had not come to tell Hagar a well full of water. Muslim tradition generally refers to the water point as well Zamzam , in Saudi Arabia. Hagar's race lamenting not find water to give to his dying son is played each year by pilgrims Muslims during the Hajj in Mecca during a special day between Safa and Marwah (sa Iy , race; efforts;).

Then comes the divine command to sacrifice Ishmael , the only son who has great importance in the eyes of Ibrahim. Tradition places this event near Mecca , the site named Mina. The Qur'anic account does not explicitly name the son sacrificed, but the context strongly suggests that it is Ishmael because he designates as "only son" (Genesis / Bereshit 22:2; Qur'an 37:99-111 cf. Below). Hadith are, cons, more explicit.

Three angels in the form of men, he announced the birth of a son of Sarah ( Isaac ), despite their old age and sterility of his wife who is menopausal. According to Tabari , these are the three archangels: Gabriel , Michael and Israfil. Angels let him know also that they are sent by God to destroy the people of his nephew, Lot , to be saved himself and his family, except his wife who is part of the damned.

He rebuilt the Sacred House of the Almighty (the Ka'ba ) with the help of Ishmael. It was originally built by Adam , but was destroyed by flood in the days of Noah. So God ordered Ibrahim to rebuild it to where he had left his eldest son to settle. God also showed him how he would resurrect the dead on the Day of Resurrection. According to Muslim traditions, Ibrahim was buried in Hebron.

Arab tribes Ismailis, including that of Prophet Muhammad , the Quraysh , is traditionally considered direct descendants of Ishmael, having a relationship between Muhammad and Ibrahim.

The sacrifice asked Ibrahim

The episode of the sacrifice God asked Ibrahim is of major importance in Islam. According to the Koran, Ibrahim agrees to sacrifice his son as God ordered, thereby depriving himself of any offspring. He told Ishmael that accepts it as God asked. When Ibrahim will slay his son, Satan said to Ibrahim: "Are you crazy do not you're not going to kill your own son." After these words, Ibrahim threw a few stones at Satan, who fled and who goes to Ishmael and said: "Your father lost his head he wants to kill you and you accept." After these words Ishmael throws too many small stones at Satan, who immediately went to Hagar (wife of Ibrahim). He said: "Your husband goes mad with age it is killing your son." Agar throws stones. When Ibrahim will slay Ishmael, the angel Gabriel (Arabic: Jibreel) stops the arms of Ibrahim and said: "God has asked you this because it wanted to test your faith. Now, it offers you this ram (or sheep) slaughtered it and share it with your whole family ... This episode of the Koranic tradition is celebrated annually by Muslims during the Eid el-Kebir.

The Quran and Hadith indicate that the sacrificed was Ishmael , while Isaac is in Judaism and Christianity. Muslim tradition believes that Isaac was never the only son of Abraham, and that the original text of the Torah was in all likelihood Ishmael instead of Yitzhak.

Collections of quotations of Ibrahim in the Quran

These passages are not the main only to mention Ibrahim in the entire Quran.

The Surah 14: Abraham (Ibrahim) that bears his name says it all in verses 35-41 by relating his prayer.

References

  1. Qur'an , Surah 4: Women (An-Nisa) Verse 125.
  2. Malek Chebel , Dictionary of Muslim symbols, Editions Albin Michel, p.18
  3. Malek Chebel, Dictionary of Muslim symbols, Editions Albin Michel, p.18
  4. Qur'an , Surah 6: The Cattle (Al-Anam) verses 75-79
  5. Tabari, The Chronicle: History of the Prophets and Kings. Volume. Translated from Persian by Hermann Zotenberg. Edit: The Hive. Pages 77-78
  6. Study of the Qur'an: The sacrifice of Isaac or Ishmael?

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