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Ibn Toumert

Al-Mahdi Muhammad bin Tumart ( Arabic : ), or more commonly Ibn Toumert, was born in the Anti-Atlas Mountains of Morocco, between 1075 and 1097 ^History

Coming from a small village in the Anti-Atlas , Ibn Toumert distinguished himself by his religious zeal. It would have been a part of his studies in Andalusia and was introduced to the writings of Ibn Hazm , theologian cordovan death in 1064. He professed an aversion to personal interpretation (ra'y) and only refers to the tradition ( sunna ) and consensus ( ijma `). He moved to Baghdad to investigate the sources of law ( fiqh ). He allegedly met al-Ghazali the great thinker of Sufism , but it is certain that he studied theology al-Ash `ari. On the way back rigor and intervention created a few incidents. He made an important meeting at candle of a young man full of passion, `Abdul-Mu'min , who became his best disciple.

His ethics legalistic leads him to condemn any distraction with music. It reaffirms the principle of the oneness of God ( Tawheed ) and rejects the anthropomorphic (mujassimah). Her real originality was in the method of dissemination of its doctrine than in its content itself. He wrote little pamphlets language Berber for his disciples.

He performed the translation of the Koran in the Berber language, and his book "My aazou youtlab" (the best we can find), is the reference explaining the doctrine of Ibn Toumert.

Arriving in Marrakech (1120) he met the notables Almoravids criticizing their morality. Then he said to himself Mahdi and Imam impeccable, resuming a tradition Shia to their account. He returned to the Atlas to disseminate propaganda in the tribes who had some grievances against the Almoravids. It federation tribes under his authority in a pyramidal organization of meetings:

The people of the house (ahl ad-dar), a score of relatives who were like his staff.
Two tips: ten and fifty, advice on the model of assemblies of notables of the Berber tribes.

The Mahdi, viewed as perfect and infallible, exercised authority that no one objected. The tribes were ranged in hierarchical order, the Hargha, that of Ibn Toumert first. The company itself was hierarchical and practice of religious rites required. With `Abd al-Mu'min, the Mahdi did not hesitate to purification measures running all the suspects, an entire tribe and was eliminated because it was considered unsafe.

The Almoravids sensing the danger get attacked Tinmel where was Ibn Toumert. They were beaten and had to retreat into the fortifications of Marrakech who were besieged. During an attack against the Almoravids succeeded in repelling the assailants and `Abd al-Mu'min was wounded during the fighting.

Four months later the Mahdi died ( 1130 ). `Abdul-Mu'min , who was a stranger among these mountaineers, hid the death of Mahdi for 3 years until he manages to secure the support of all tribes ( 1133 ).