Ibn Taymiyya
Ibn Taymiyya Biography He was born in 1263 in the town of Harran (now south-eastern Turkey ) and then, following the invasion of Mongols he emigrated with his father at the age of six years, Damascus. His grandfather Majd ud-din 'Abu-l-Barakat Ibn Taymiyyah was a Hanbali jurist acknowledged the madhhab. He died in 1328. Ibn Taymiyya was imprisoned several times in Damascus or Alexandria , sometimes because of charges that he wore on his dogma, and other times because of some of his opinions in fiqh (jurisprudence) do not conform to review the four madhhabs , particularly about the repudiation (he felt that repudiation not comply with the sunnah , as the triple repudiation, or during a woman's period is zero). He was imprisoned once more in 1326 , Damascus, for his fatwa on the prohibition to travel especially to visit the tomb of Mohammed (he stated that the intention must be to first visit the mosque - which contains the grave - not the grave itself). He died two years later. Ibn Taymiyya argued that the divine attributes and actions must be included in the apparent meaning without ta'tl (allegorical interpretation) or tafwdh (pretend that the word is unknown to us) or takyf (going into the details of "how , which can only be achieved by human reason) or tamthl (assimilation attributes of creatures). His attitude towards the interpretation of the divine attributes and acts was neither metaphorical nor anthropomorphic. He therefore opposed to ` acharites who were dominant in his time . He also accuses them of putting on the same plane the prophets mentioned in the Quran and the Greek legislators such as Plato or think the divine law revealed by Muhammad based on a philosophy of polytheism, which leads them to interpret texts not as prophetic teaching of the truth, but as a kind of rhetoric addressing the people. He also objected to certain brotherhoods Sufi , especially those considered heretics, and disapproved of the cult of saints and buildings over the graves. Reading his book Al-Furqan, in french "The distinction between the allies of Merciful and the allies of Satan", is a demonstration of his literary, educational and scientific purposes, including Ibn Taymiyya to attack Sufism misguided people who simulate practice asceticism, but in fact the prowl. However it is not a condemnation of all Sufis, on the contrary, speaking glowingly of itself "people of knowledge" among the Sufis he opposes the disbelievers among them. Alone account for the conformity of acts to the prophetic reference, hence the refusal of any discourse on metaphysical realities but do not rely exclusively on information prophetic. In doing so he stated disbelief writings of Ibn Arabi and also shows more lenient towards those who have sincerely worked but were mistaken. If his thinking has exerted an important influence in his time and after his death as part of the Hanbali tradition, its doctrine once again played a decisive influence when it became one of the main theological references Salafism. The current flow Salafi claims to much of him, making it one of the most Muslim theologians cited and controversial today. Ibn Taymiyya far from being a reactionary had the intellectual courage to confront face everything that challenged what he saw as the pure doctrine, in so doing he drew from the Qur'an and Sunnah and has recommended this methodology. Although not the first in this way it is he who has best managed to synthesize rigor and pedagogy, it has become an essential reference especially at a time when the magnitude of the topics he discussed allowing Muslims to know about a given subject to the opinion of the greatest Muslim scholars because it was his habit, about an issue, to quote the Koran, tradition and people's views of science with which he was to agree or disagree. He is the author of numerous religious works. His disciple Al-Dhahabi (fr) found his writings more than 500 volumes. Many of his writings were collected in the early twentieth century, in the collection Majm'u Fataawa Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah it-Islam . Which must be added several other books including: And several books in which he exposes the Sunni doctrine, including: Al-ul-'Aqdat Wsitiyyah (response to a question from a judge of the city of Wasit), Al-'Aqdat Tadmuriyyah ut-al-ul-'Aqdat 'Hamawiyyah. Imprisonment and death
Dogma
Influence and legacy
Disciples
Influences
Books
Bibliography
- His full name is: Taqi ad-Din Abu 'l Abbas Ahmad ibn' Abd al-Halim ibn 'Abd as-Salam ibn' Abdullah ibn Taymiyya al-Harran ( Arabic : ). It is sometimes the spelling Ibn Tamiya
- In his treatise The refutation of the logicians (Kitab al-al-radd'ala mantiqiyyin).
- Cf treaties Ar-Radd al-aqwam 'ala Kitab-i m f and Rasa'il Chiekh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah, ed. Cairo, 1949. Cited in the Encyclopaedia of the mystics, Volume 2, p. 488, ed. Seghers, 1977.
- (ar) Majm'u Fataawa Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah it-Islam (35 volumes)
See also
Related articles
External Links
- (Ar) : Site collecting many works of Ibn Taymiyyah, his student Ibn al-Qayyim and Ibn Taymiyyah biographies.
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