Hyam Maccoby
Hyam Maccoby ( Sunderland , 20 March 1924 - 2 May 2004 ) is a British Jewish academic and writer specializing in the history and traditions of Jewish and Christian.
He is particularly known for his theories on the historical Jesus and the historical origins of Christianity. In France, it is a bit more known to the general public through its participation in the issue of Arte Corpus Christi.
Summary |
Hyam Maccoby is the younger son of Rabbi Chaim Zundel Maccoby who immigrated to Britain in 1890. His father taught him early Hebrew and Judeo-Aramaic.
He studied at Oxford , then served from 1942 to 1946 in the Royal Corps of Signals.
After the war, Maccoby is Professor of English in London for over 20 years and was appointed in 1975 at the Leo Baeck Institute in London where he remained until his retirement as a teacher and librarian. It was then that he began to write much of his work. It was then occupied from 1998, an academic position at the Center for Jewish Studies of the University of Leeds.
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Maccoby believes that although the writings of the New Testament in their writings distort what were the beginnings of Christianity, it is possible, in light of the knowledge of the Jewish context of the time, to find there the historical reality characters of Jesus and Paul of Tarsus and their respective lessons.
He said the preaching of Jesus is found mostly in the continuity of the tradition of Judaism Pharisee. Like other scholars, Maccoby believes that Paul of Tarsus would have interpreted or reinvented the doctrines of Jesus, so they can be considered the true founder of Christianity.
It goes further by questioning the membership of Paul's Pharisaic, recalling the accusations of the Ebionites against him, and believes that his teaching is largely based on beliefs derived from the culture and Hellenistic mystery cults.
On the other hand, he believes that building this new religion split with Judaism, Paul of Tarsus has instilled the germ of what will be the anti-Jewish Christian.
The Pharisaic Jesus
In Maccoby, Jesus was a Pharisee and he considered himself the Mashia'h this could be that Jewish meaning of the term savior of Israel. The idea of founding a new religion did not concern him, as to regard themselves as God, was mere blasphemy. So his disciples remained faithful to Judaism Nazarene; Maccoby considers the possibility that the Ebionites are the successors of the followers of Jesus remained faithful to his teaching and Judaism If Paul of Tarsus
Maccoby believes Paul of Tarsus as the true inventor of Christian beliefs, like other researchers before him emphasizes the dualism of Paul and believed that it was directly inspired by the Gnostic beliefs and mystery cults to build a new religion centered on the atoning sacrifice of a divine character to be Christian antisemitism To Maccoby, the sacrifice of Christ is symbolic recurrence of human sacrifice that had been banned from Judaism since the ligation of Isaac , . The responsibility for the death of Christ, Hi indispensable in the Christian faith, for Christians can not be attributed to a God infinitely good. Also, this role is assigned executor sacred to the Jewish people, through the character of Judas , then Barabbas , on which the charge of deicide people . In the Middle Ages, these assertions are reinforced by the myth of the Wandering Jew. Hyam Maccoby is the author of Judaism on Trial. Jewish-Christian disputations in the Middle Ages, a book compiling translations and commentaries on the disputations between Jews and Christians of the Middle Ages . He also wrote a play about a famous disputation: the hassle of Barcelona , where in 1263 opposed the Ramban and Pablo Christiani in the presence of King Jacques I of Aragon. The play was broadcast on Channel 4. The disputations
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