Hussein Ibn Ali
Abu `Abd Allah al-Husayn ibn 'Ali al-Sayyd Chuhd' (born in 626 - died in 680 during the Battle of Karbala ) was the grand-son of Muhammad , son of Ali and Fatima. On the death of his elder Hasan in 670 , he succeeded him as the third Imam Shia.
He married Shahr Banu a daughter of the late emperor Sasanian Persian Yazdegerd III.
The forms are equivalent Hossein in Persian , Hseyin in Turkish and Ousseynou for black Africa.
Summary |
Biography
The Governor of the new Caliph Umayyad Yazid Ibn Ziyad kill the envoy said that Husayn had sent him to Kufa. Shortly after, Husayn set off for this city, "recklessly" by some sources, knowingly to disclose the eyes of Muslims the injustice of the Umayyads by others. He allegedly met on the way the poet Abu Firas Hammam said "al Farazdak" who allegedly warned: "O Husayn, their hearts are with you but their swords out of their sleeves! "
Escorted by a posse of 72 people, including members of his own family, he left to join his supporters Kufa who had called for help and promised him obedience. Ibn Ziyad intercepted the troupe Karbala and Husayn insisted that allegiance to the Caliph Yazid. Given the refusal of it, very unequal battle began, on 10 Muharram, a holy month of Muslim calendar. All male companions were killed Husayn ( 10 October 680 , 10 Muharram 61AH). The battle seemed lost in advance, the small army of Husayn could not measure up to 300,000 opponents, and especially since the Umayyad army controlled all access to water. They were therefore obliged to fight for two days under a blazing sun without any water.
Thirst and bitter fighting, overcame their courage and selflessness. Only the youngest son of Husayn, 'Ali Zayn al-'Abidin , was spared the women. Husayn's corpse was buried there and his severed head was sent to Damascus to the Caliph Yazid and the survivors became prisoners.
When we brought the severed head of Imam Husayn to the Caliph Yazid I. , it was scared .
Then Yazid drove in his apartment and ordered the women to deal with `Ali Zayn respects. The noise of the massacre of the family of Mohammed by the army of the new caliph rose. Fearing a revolt, Yazid openly declared his disapproval of the killing, and did escort the captive survivors Madinah , they had left six months earlier, along with Husayn.
The severed head of Imam Husayn is still venerated in a mausoleum next to the Grand Mosque of Damascus. Other traditions relate that the head would have been reduced in Karbala and as the head miraculously spoke during the journey. Others tell the Fatimids would have taken to Ashkelon and then to Cairo at the time of the Crusades.
The commemoration of the mourning of Ashura , on 10 Muharram , is the anniversary of the martyrdom of Husayn "and family. It commemorates the grief of the main Shiite who is being particularly dramatic in Karbala.
Karbala and Damascus are pilgrimage sites for Shiites, as well as all the places where the severed head of Imam Husayn is supposed to have stayed.
| Preceded by | Al-Husayn ibn Ali | Followed by | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hasan |
| 'Ali Zayn al-`Abidin | ||||
| Muhammad ibn al-Hanafya |
Notes
- Arabic : Ab `Abd Allah al-Husayn ibn` Ali as-Sayyid Suhada '
- Arabic: Sayyid as-Suhada ' , lord of the testimony / martyr
- fa : Sahr banu, lady of the city
- He struck a wand mouth of Husayn and said: "We would have been content to the submission of the inhabitants of Iraq without the murder." A spectator told him this: "Put away the stick that mouth that the Prophet kissed many times. Then Yazid turned angry to `Ali Zayn and said," Son of Husayn, your father has broken the bonds of kinship and that is why God did what you saw. Is not God Himself who killed your father? Is not God Who was punished for rebelling against the Commander of the Faithful? "What Ali's son Husayn replied:" No tyrant! Do not distort the Qur'anic verses. Do not change their meaning! In His Infinite Wisdom, God gives everyone the time and opportunity to act for good or evil, justly or oppressor. The Divine Punishment reached the tyrants always, sooner or later! The Holy Qur'an says it is not the tribulations of the Prophets, who have suffered a thousand evils from the people to whom they were sent? "
Source
- Tabari (839-923), The Chronicle Volume II, The Umayyads, Actes Sud / Sindbad
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