Home › History Of Egypt, Byzantine Period

History Of Egypt, Byzantine Period

Panel of the Virgin at the Annunciation. Late ^fifth century AD. AD

The Byzantine Period of Egypt begins with the death of Theodosius ^I in 395, when the province of , then incorporated into the Roman Empire , becoming part of the Eastern Roman Empire. It ends with the Arab conquest in 639/645.

Byzantine Egypt has experienced a long period of peace, the ^fifth century to the early ^seventh century , which allows it to identify an "unusual wealth" (Jean-Claude Cheynet). True megalopolis, Alexandria brings philosophers and mathematicians around the Mouseion and is also home to a church with a strong spiritual life.

Indeed, serious quarrels between the Monophysite and dyophysisme , with, of course, their religious implications (concerning the nature of Christ), but also political, cause riots. Monophysitism eventually be defeated. Moreover, the Emperor Justinian , by an edict of 551 , requiring the closing of the Temple of Philae , the last remnant of paganism, which is still practiced the old religions, particularly that of Isis. However, the Monophysite Egypt came together, and a native and national church appears, the Coptic Orthodox Church.

Under the reign of Heraclius , Egypt suffered two outbreaks: one in 615, the Persian king Khosrow II , the second in 639 of Amr , a lieutenant of the Caliph Omar. With the complicity of Mokoukos (or Makaukas), prefect of the Middle Egypt, he entered Memphis , captured the fortress of Babylon , and marched on Alexandria , where the Melkite element (that is to say the Greeks ) opposes the most obstinate resistance. Finally, after fourteen months of siege, tired of having received no assistance from Byzantium, Alexandria surrendered on 22 December 640.

History of Ancient Egypt
Predynastic Egypt	Predynastic Dynasty 0
Period Thinite	^First dynasty ^Second Dynasty
Old Kingdom	^Third Dynasty ^Fourth Dynasty ^Fifth Dynasty ^Sixth Dynasty
First Intermediate Period	^Seventh Dynasty ^Eighth Dynasty ^Ninth Dynasty ^Tenth Dynasty ^Eleventh Dynasty ( Thebes only)
Middle Kingdom	^Eleventh Dynasty (Egypt whole) ^Twelfth Dynasty
Second Intermediate Period	^Thirteenth dynasty ^Fourteenth Dynasty ( Hyksos ) ^Fifteenth Dynasty ( Hyksos ) ^Sixteenth Dynasty ( Hyksos ) XVII ^th Dynasty
New Kingdom	XVIII ^th Dynasty (the Amarna period ) ^nineteenth and ^twentieth dynasty ( Ramesside )
Third Intermediate Period	^Twenty-first Dynasty (from Tanis ) ^XXII Dynasty (from Bubastis ) ^XXIII dynasty (from Tanis ) ^XXIV dynasty (from Tanis ) ^XXV Dynasty ( Kushite )
Late Period	^XXVI Dynasty (of Sais ) Dynasty ^XXVII ^(1st Achaemenid dynasty ) Dynasty ^XXVIII ^XXIX Dynasty Dynasty ^XXX ^XXXI Dynasty ^(2nd Achaemenid dynasty )
Greco-Roman Egypt	Macedonian period (of Alexander the Great ) Dynasty Ptolemy (Ptolemaic Period) Roman Period Byzantine Period
See comparative chronology of the Egyptian dynasties to the dates of the dynasties

Ancient Egypt
Categories	History Geography Mythology Deities Art / Pyramids Science Daily Life / Political Organization / Pharaohs
Utilities	Egyptology Bibliography Glossary Index Calendar Egyptological
A Random article Egyptological	Teudjo