Hilalian
The Banu Hilal or Hilalians or Beni Hilal ( Arabic : ) were members of a tribe Arab who emigrated to North Africa in the eleventh century.
Summary |
Origin
According to Ibn Khaldun History The Berbers s'enfuyairent and surrendered the country to Hilalians . After setting an interim situation in Andalusia , Abd al-Mumin (first sultan of the dynasty Almohad ), whose forces had increased, decided to strike a major blow in the central Maghrib. He walked, forced marches and in the greatest secrecy to Bejaia. His advanced guard entered, without opposition in Algiers and Bejaia, which Yahya fled, then his son took and sacked the Qalaa (1151). The Arabs understood the danger. Before them, they found the Berbers highly organized and able to play them the benefits they were able to extract weak governments. The sheikhs of Ifriqiya , abandoning for a time in their rivalry, decided to unite to reject, by their own forces, the enemy in the Far West. They are concentrated near Beja and went, in great disorder, to Bejaia. Abd al-Mumin, who was returning to the Maghreb extreme, made an about-face in the Mitidja and led the enemy to Setif. The Hilalians felt they were playing their last card. They brought their wives and children, who were to serve as stakes in the battle. To avoid being tempted to fall, they had even impeded their camels. After four days of killing, Almohad discipline prevailed, and the Arabs fled harassed until Tebessa (1152). Abd al-Mumin not engage in reprisals. He divided the booty among his companions, but their families went to the vanquished, which he received an honorable sheikhs . According to Ibn Khaldun, Riah tribe has prevailed for centuries in several parts of North Africa to stop the looters Berber. The leader Seada had ordered troops to stop the robbers, he died with weapons in hand , oppose the French. And they engage in fighting under the command of Emir Abd el-Kader in the western region of Algeria. Social organization Several tribes live in arid and semi-desert. They are good for raising goats. They were worn very little on agriculture. The Hilalians are not very conservative, even if the religion of Islam is the doctrine of the majority of the population. Initially, they were Shia, but in the Maghreb, the Banu Hilal were "converted" to the plan Maliki Sunni. The Banu Hilal were patriarchal and each tribe has a leader who decides the fate of others. Other Arabized tribes have a large proportion of Berbers, nomadic and semi-nomads in North Africa. Many marriages between Arabs and Berbers of the plains took place in contemporary history. Originally, the Hilalians are nomads and live in tents. At their arrival, took Hilalians of cities in Algeria as Ouargla , Biskra , El Oued Souf , Djelfa and Boussaada. The Banu Hilal was sdentarisrent gradually from the mid 19th century. Antar and Abla is a masterpiece of Arabic literature. The Banu Hilal were inspired by this masterpiece of Arabic literature . The Banu Hilal were an oral tradition and written in Arabic Hilalian. They have developed several proverbs, poems and stories. 
Craft
Arabic Literature
See also
References
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