Hananel Ben Houshiel
Houshiel Hananel ben ( Hebrew : ) Rabbenou Hananel said, is a rabbi and exegete Tunisian XI century (990-1053).
Mainly known for his commentary on the Talmud and for providing the spiritual leadership of the Jewish community of Kairouan , alongside Nissim ben Jacob , it is considered by some as an early Rishonim Biographical Elements Hananel is the son of ben Houshiel Elhanan , a Jewish scholar from Italy became rector of the Centre for Studies of Kairouan , Tunisia, at the beginning of XI century. It seems that his father was his only direct master, but Hananel also maintained a regular correspondence with Hai Gaon , to the point that Tosafists including Rabbeinu Tam and the R "i , consider him a student of the Gaon. After the death of his father, and his colleague Hananel Nissim ben Yaakov appointed rabbis of Kairouan, and president in the school of the city, which is under their direction, a center of Jewish scholarship most influential of the era. Hananel contributes greatly to the spread of this knowledge across Europe, where it is called by some Hananel Rome. Unlike Nissim Hananel is the head of a prosperous trading, and bequeathed to his nine daughters a fortune of ten thousand pieces of gold . The commentary Hananel ben Houshiel, inscribed in the tradition of exegetical Geonim Babylonians, is the first of its kind to cover the entire Talmud. It summarizes the main arguments of the Gemara regarding discussions on the practical conduct to be followed but does not enter into details, and ignores the Haggadah (all non-legislative passages of Talmud and Midrash, and may be such exegetical homiletics, esoteric, etc..). The commentary Hananel contributed significantly to the renewed interest in the Jerusalem Talmud , whose authority had been supplanted by that of the Babylonian Talmud , and the study has been neglected since. Hananel summarizes the effect of both Talmud discussions on each item considered, and does not hesitate to break the contradictions between them. Furthermore, his comment is based on ancient manuscripts of the Talmud, it was used extensively for establishing the correct text. Hananel had to know Greek and Arabic, because it often provides the explanation of terms in these languages. However, unlike Nissim Gaon, he wrote that comment, and the rest of his works, in good Hebrew. The manuscripts of this commentary can be found in Munich (MS. No. 227, which includes comments treaties Pesachim, Avodah Zara, Shevouot, Sanhedrin, and Makkot Horayot), the Vatican (MS. No. 127, which includes comments at Yoma, Megillah, Rosh Hashana, Ta'anit, Sukkah, Beitz and Moed Katan, No. 128, which includes comments on Shabbat, 'Erouvin , and aguiga Pesachim) and the Codex Almanza in London, which contains comments on Baba Kamma, Baba Metzia, Sanhedrin, and Makkot Shevouot. A fragment of the commentary to Yoma was discovered by Solomon Schechter in the Cairo Geniza , and published in its Saadyana . The commentary Hananel is included in the Vilna edition of the Talmud , the margins of the text, under the title Rabbenou Hananel. Hananel ben Houshiel also composed a commentary on the Pentateuch, very polemic against exegeses Karaites (Jewish movement scripturalist, an opponent of Judaism rabbinical tradition, and rejecting the interpretations of the Bible based on the oral Torah ). As in his commentary on the Talmud, Hananel fully adopts the principles of exegetical Hai Gaon, limited to the simple interpretation of the text without entering into considerations mystics. Hananel also wrote: It is also possible that the pizmon that begins asadeka Tagba signed Hananel or him. Hananel Houshiel bin is one of the most famous Jewish scholars of the period of transition between Geonim and Rishonim. His Talmudic commentary has been used extensively by the Ri "f (Isaac Alfasi) and often quoted in the Arukh (Aramaic glossary of terms found in the Talmud and rabbinic literature ) of Nathan ben Yehiel of Rome ( XI century ), all both being disciples suspected Hananel. Rashi does not quote, and did not know maybe its not yet comment. However, it is known to his successors, Tosafists , who sometimes rely on its authority to reject the opinion of Rashi. This article incorporates text from the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1901-1906, article "Hananel ushiel Ben" by the Executive Committee of the Editorial Board and Mr. Seligsohn , a publication now in the public domain. Works
Talmud Commentary
Biblical Commentary
This Bible commentary is cited by several medieval commentators, including Bahya ben Asher , it is also known that most of these citations, as well as fragments, published by Editions Mossad HaRav Kook. Other
Influence
References
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