Halacha
The term Halakha, or by pronunciation halokho Ashkenazi ( Hebrew "track," plur. halakkhot) means, when spelled with a capital letter, the Jewish institution, grouping laws, awards and prescriptions religious governing the daily life of Jews or, written with a lowercase letter, an article that "Jewish law. "
Summary |
The Judaism predates the distinction between the areas of "religious" and "non-religious" of everyday life, Halakha guides not only the ritual life or beliefs of those who follow it, but also many aspects of their daily lives. It is based both on the achievements of previous generations as discussions and debates on the problems arising for the present generation.
In the EU law
Historically, Halakha served as a pillar and cement in many Jewish communities, governed by its civil and religious rules. With the advent of the modern era, and its corollary, the "separation of church and state," she was no longer followed only on a voluntary basis, with the exception of the modern State of Israel which, as a " Jewish state "is based on some of these points to some areas of family and personal status, including laws on marriage and divorce.
Diversity of Halakha
Due to the great diversity among Jewish communities, different approaches to Halakha are found among the Jews, Ashkenazi , Sephardi , Oriental and Yemeni , and in smaller communities. However, while communities outside of Western Europe long remained attached to the Law and their traditions, Ashkenazi communities were divided on the binding nature of the Halakha and the role of history and tradition in its development. Emerged in the current Orthodox , Conservative , Reformed and Reconstructionist Judaism.
Determination and interpretation
Only Posqim recognized are able and have the method for setting the Halakha by Talmudic law , without transgressing the Torah.
The books are listed in which many Halachot rules (the Halakha) are the Shulchan Aruch , the Rambam , the Mishnah Brurah and hated Adam.
Relation to other religions
With Christianity
In the New Testament , the disputes between Jesus and the lawyers about the nature and purpose of the Act have resulted in numerous exegetical comments on the relationship between Judaism and Christianity.
The controversy was about the legalism of the rabbis and a tendency to legalism in the interpretation of the Act. The Christian position is frequently described as moving towards a form of antinomianism , that is to say a simplification and systematization of the Act. However, it still claims to be direct descendants with the Mosaic law and Abraham: Do not think I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets: I came not to abolish but to fulfill. (Mt 5, 17).
With Islam
In tests on the relationship between Judaism and Islam, the halakha is sometimes wrongly described as a Jewish Sharia, this description is legally incorrect. Halakha is closer to canon law governing the laws of marriage and family law. The Sharia , has a holistic mission. It governs the civil law but criminal law and is addressed to Muslims but also to dhimmis . the dhimmi having a lower legal status against the Muslim citizen, but contrary to Halacha, it is not ethnocentric .. See also
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