Glise Saint Sulpice Paris
| Saint-Sulpice Church | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Overview of the building | |||
| Contact | 48 51 '03 "North 2 20 '03 "East / 48.850929, 2.334302 | ||
| Country |  France | ||
| Region | Ile-de-France | ||
| Department | Paris | ||
| City | Paris VI | ||
| Worship | Roman Catholic | ||
| Type | Parish Church | ||
| Attached to | Archdiocese of Paris | ||
| Construction begins | 1646 | ||
| Work Completed | 1870 | ||
| Protection |  Rated MH ( 1915 ) | ||
| Location | |||
Geolocation on the map: Paris
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The church of Saint-Sulpice is a large church of Paris , located in the sixth arrondissement.
The church is subject to classification as historical monuments since 20 May 1915 Church History Historians have a hard time agreeing on the seniority of the Church of St. Sulpice. In 1724, excavations of the church, allowed to uncover a tombstone of the tenth century , thereby proving that a chapel (to which a cemetery) existed here for centuries. From the twelfth to fourteenth centuries , a new church was built in place of the old chapel was enlarged with a nave Francis I , and three chapels in 1614. However, with the larger towns of Saint-Germain and Saint-Germain-des-Pres, the need to build a larger church and more worthy of the people who frequent the obvious: the building of that time can not contain the twelfth of parishioners . Moreover, the old church in danger of falling into ruin. The proposal is resolved in a meeting held on 16 March 1643 under the chairmanship of Prince of Conde. Expansion work is entrusted in 1645 to architect Christopher Gamard , voyer in the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Pres. Gaston d'Orleans put the first stone in 1646. But this building was not deemed sufficient, we began one in 1655 , in which foundations the queen Anne of Austria laid the first stone . Projects Gamard prove unworkable and must soon seek Gittard Daniel and Louis Le Vau. The choir was completed and blessed at the end of 1673. But work was halted less than two years later for lack of funds. They resumed in 1718 under the leadership of Gilles-Marie Oppenord , who built the nave and transept. The unfinished facade of a classical style stands in front of a Jesuit-style church. It Servandoni winning the support of its construction in 1732 , but the project evolved over time. He planned to enter the church in a vast square at the Roman semi-circular, which he had given the plans in 1752. Such a project required the acquisition of extensive land and demolition of existing houses, as a single building was built in 1754 , currently No. 6 Place Saint-Sulpice , to serve as a model and template for the rest of the place, but others were never made. The street leading from the other side of the square now bears the name of the architect. In 1745 , the pastor of Languet Gergy , sponsor of the new work, commissioned Edm Bouchardon many statues including a Virgin in silver. Saint-Simon argued that the pastor had obtained the metal of the statue, taking discreetly covered, when he dined with his parishioners. The columnist gave the statue the nickname "Our Lady of the Old Crockery" . The architect is loaded MacLaurin 1770 to complete the two towers that stood like a few years. The north tower, meanwhile, has undergone a restoration led by Jean-Franois-Thrse Chalgrin , who dressed him in 1777 with columns and statues, for completing the tower with a rich iconography and putting on one of the largest bell towers in the capital. The construction lasted almost 130 years. It is finally completed in 1870 , but in 1871 the Prussian shells damaged the north tower. Extensive restoration work has been undertaken in the late twentieth century. The facade of the church is visible again since 2011. The Church of St. Sulpice, oriented in the direction normal west to east, is an imposing 120 meters in length, 57 meters wide, 30 meters in height under the central vault , it was after Notre Dame , the largest church in Paris. The adventures and spreading its construction from the initial plans of Daniel Gittard dated 1660 , the resumption of work by the student of Jules Hardouin-Mansart , Gilles-Marie Oppenord in 1719 until the dedication ceremony of 1745 and the final elevation of the west front between 1732 and 1870 explain a style disparate mix of architecture inspired by the Jesuit Gesu in Rome and a more traditional architecture, sometimes called, partly for this reason, Sulpician style. Overview Dome Occulus The Lady Chapel is located at the east end and the longitudinal axis of the building and can be accessed by the ambulatory around the choir. Built by Christopher Gamard (?) Between 1660 and 1678 , this chapel style more baroque includes an altar dedicated to the Virgin crowned by a cupola rococo painted by Le Moyne in 1732 and surrounded by the murals on each side signed Carle van Loo . The "Virgin and Child" in the niche is the work of Jean-Baptiste Pigalle . This marble has the rare feature of showing the Virgin crushing a snake. Ambulatory, general view North ambulatory South ambulatory Chorus Altar The large choir was built on plans Gittard Daniel. It has seven arches whose jambs , or square pillars are adorned with pilasters Corinthian marble clad. North Transept South Transept The transept was built in several stages: the north transept with its portal, by Christopher Gamard (?) Between 1660 and 1678 , and the south transept, and the portal on the same side, by Gilles-Marie Oppenord between 1719 and 1745. North nave Nave South nave The aisles were made by Gilles-Marie Oppenord, architect of Regent from 1719. The west front, for a competition in 1732 when many projects are presented, is built on innovative plans to Servandoni Giovanni , a former architect of theater scenery, a break with the style of the rest of the building, the proposed faade strongly inspired by the Cathedral of St. Paul , is in response neo-classical tradition to Baroque (or rather Jesuit ) illustrated by the Gesu church in Rome. It comprises two large cranes to the ancient beds - the ground floor of Doric and Ionic higher - uniting the bases of the towers. These two portals, each pierced by seven arches, supporting a triangular pediment and wide ends of the faade rise two towers of about 70 meters taller than Notre Dame. Facade of the church of the Gesu (ap.1584), the usual model of Jesuit churches West facade of St. Paul's in London (1675-1710), a model of the facade of Saint-Sulpice However, the current facade differs significantly from this initial project. The large central pediment was destroyed by lightning never rebuilt. As for the towers, Oudot de Maclaurin changes the coronation, they are criticized and then taken over by Jean-Francois Chalgrin in 1777 completes the north tower in 1780 - 1781. The other, south tower, remained unfinished. Saint-Sulpice has two towers of different architectures: the south tower of MacLaurin completed by part octagonal curved pediments surmounted by a circular part and the north tower of Chalgrin composed of part quadrangular and triangular pediments of upper circular also higher. These towers, both crowned by a balustrade instead of lantern neo-renaissance under Servandoni original, thus generating, unlike the original draft, an impression heightened by their asymmetry of different height (68 meters and 73 meters ). Columns portal The great organ was built by Franois-Henri Clicquot between 1776 and 1781 behind a buffet very original Louis XVI style designed by architect Jean-Franois-Thrse Chalgrin with sculptures Clodion (figures) and Duret (ornamental sculpture ) . The organ (and decor) is the subject of a classification as object of historical monuments since 20 February 1905 . The instrumental portion of the organ is the subject of a classification as a subject of historical monuments since 11 September 1978 . The instrument was restored and considerably enlarged by Aristide Cavaille-Coll in 1862. This is the greatest instrument signed by Cavaille-Coll. Composition 5 keyboards of 56 notes and 30-note pedalboard. Mechanical transmission of assisted note 7 Barker machines. Salicional 8 ' Watch 16 Laye fund Laye combinations Laye fund Laye combinations Laye fund Laye combinations Laye fund Laye combinations Prestigious organizations have succeeded, including Charles-Marie Widor from 1870 to 1933 and Marcel Dupre , who succeeded him in 1934 to 1971. Daniel Roth is the owner since 1985. Many recordings have been made on this instrument. We can also attend a hearing every Sunday morning around 11:30 . In the north arm of the transept , the presence of a meridional commonly called gnomon in the form of an obelisk and a brass wire embedded in the monument and the floor of the church, heading south. It was installed in the eighteenth century by scientists of the Observatory of Paris at the request of the local parish priest, desiring to establish the precise date of the equinox in March, and consequently that of Easter. Every day of the year when the sun is at meridian , its rays through a lens located in the south transept window and strike the brass line, more or less close to the obelisk after the time of year. She was executed in 1788 after designs by Charles Wailly , and given by the Duke d'Aguillon du Plessis Richelieu, great grand-nephew of Cardinal de Richelieu, a former minister of Louis XV and the first warden of the parish. It is made of oak and marble , and considered a masterpiece of woodworking and balance (it is in fact the only side stairs that support it). In 1791, Mr. de Pansemont (parish priest) declared his refusal to swear the oath of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy from this high chair in front of the National Guard and his followers. The pulpit was, fortunately, preserved by the revolutionaries who considered it "useful." The pulpit has many symbols on the different parts that compose it: Currently the chair is no longer used for sermons, preachers commenting on the texts of the liturgy since the panel of readers around the altar. The church of Saint-Sulpice contains many works of art, among which are: Tombstone of Jean-Baptiste Joseph Languet Gergy, parish priest of St. Sulpice, for Slodtz. One of the two clams Jean-Baptiste Pigalle. Under the Revolution , the church becomes the temple of Reason , the Victory with theophilanthropists and under the Management of fodder store and banquet hall. The physicist Chappe be installed on each tower, an optical telegraph respectively communicating with Fontenay-aux-Roses and Villejuif Place Saint-Sulpice The plan Servandoni included opening the front door of the church a monumental square of 120 meters wide by 208 long, and construction would have to raise symmetrical facades, we can see the model in the southeast corner of the square, between the street cans and rue Saint-Sulpice. We finally gave up this requirement. This large area, extending the court , the date of 1754. Completed under a decree of 1811, it is planted with trees in 1838. At center, the fountain of Saint-Sulpice was built in 1847 by architect Louis Visconti ( 1791 - 1853 ). Its four sides are decorated with statues of bishops preachers of the era of Louis XIV : Bossuet , Fenelon , Flechier and Massillon. By a fortunate pun, this fountain is known in the neighborhood as the fountain of the four "cardinal point", since the four bishops have never received this distinction. At the end of the square, facing the church, the mayor of the sixth. Founded in 1641 by Jean-Jacques Olier , pastor of St. Sulpice, the seminar, which occupied part of the current place Saint-Sulpice and its environs became a congregation, the Society of Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians PSS). The Brotherhood was suppressed in 1792 and restored in 1802 in another building in the area. Godde built a new seminar for Sulpicians on the south side of the square, which returned to service the Treasury during the separation of church and state in 1906 . The Seminary of St. Sulpice are now in other institutions such as those of Issy-les-Moulineaux and Montreal. The term reflects the fact that the Saint-Sulpice traditionally housed many stores books, religious images and objects. We can now see some stores still existing and proposed sections of a style of extinction (cf. La Procure ). The previous churches
The current church
Description
The building
Chapel of the Virgin
Ambulatory
Choir
Transept
Nefs
Facade
Major Organ
Grand Chorus Great Organ Positive Swell Solo Pedal
Octave 4 '
Fourniture IV
Plein Jeu IV
Cymbal IV
Cornet V
Bugle-Doublet 2
Bombarde 16
Basson 16
1st Trumpet 8
2 nd Trumpet 8
Bassoon 8
Clairon 4
Senior 16
Bourdon 16
Flute Cone
Bourdon 8
Watch 8
Diapason 8
Flute Harmonique 8
Flute Traversiere 8
Flute horn 8
Grosse Quinte 5 1 / 3
Prestant 4
Doublet 2
Violin-Low 16
Quintaton 16
Salicional 8
Viola da Gamba 8
Unda Maris 8
Quintaton 8
Flute traverse 8
Flute Sweet 4
Flute Octaviant 4
Dulciane 4
Quinte 2 2 / 3
Doublet 2
Tierce 1 3 / 5
Larigot 1 1 / 3
Piccolo 1
Plein Jeu III-IV ranks
Basson 16
Baritone 8
Trumpet 8
Clairon 4
Quintaton 16
Diapason 8
Cello 8
Vox Celeste 8
Bourdon 8
Prestant 4
Doublet 2
Fourniture IV ranks
Cymbal V ranks
Basson-Hautbois 8
Cromorne 8
Voix Humaine 8
Flute Harmonic 8
Flute Octaviant 4
Dulciane 4
Nasard 2 2 / 3
Octavin 2
Cornet V ranks
Bombarde 16
Trumpet 8
Clairon 4
Bourdon 16
Flute conical 16
Principal 8
Bourdon 8
Flute Harmonic 8
Cello 8
Gamba 8
Kraulophone 8
Prestant 4
Flute Octaviant 4
Harmonic Trumpet
(In wildly) 8
Octave 4
Grosse Quinte 5 1 / 3
Grosse Tierce 3 1 / 3
Quinte 2 2 / 3
Seventh 2 2 / 7
Octavin 2
Cornet V ranks
Bombarde 16
Trumpet 8
Clairon 4
Principal-Basse 32
Senior 16
Bass 16
Soubasse 16
Cello 8
Principal 8
Flute 8
Flute 4
Cons-Bombarde 32
Bombarde 16
Basson 16
Trumpet 8
Ophicleide 8
Clairon 4
The organ of St. Sulpice is one of the largest instruments in France (102 games). The meridian of Saint-Sulpice
The pulpit of Saint-Sulpice
Artwork
The Church of St. Sulpice and history
Original Plan
Current position
Seminary of St. Sulpice
literary evocation
Sulpician
References
See also
Bibliography
External Links
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