Galatians

Galatia and other kingdoms in Asia Minor in the first century BC-AD

Galatians are peoples Celtic , which in the ancient world , have migrated into the center of Asia Minor , a region named after them Galatia.

Of Cisalpine Gaul , Celtic troops took the road of the Balkans , they crossed the Macedonia and won Greece , looting passing the temple of Delphi , at the Great Expedition. At that time they divide, some of them returning to Gaul in the Cevennes and around Toulouse where they are now designated as Volques Tectosages.

The other, having crossed the Hellespont , the Galatians, commanded by Lutrios and Lonorios , arrived in this country to 278 BC. AD at the invitation of King Nicomedes ^I. of Bithynia to combat Antiochus ^I. , King Seleucid. Their support assured him the throne, and gave them a reward of land south of his kingdom on the banks of Sangarius. Before you settle, the Gauls laid waste the whole of Asia Minor washed by the Aegean Sea from Troas to the Carie.Vaincus by Antiochus I , king of Syria in 277 and Attalus ^I, king Pergamum in 241, they were concentrated in the northern part of the Greater Phrygia, gave it the name of Galatia, and were given themselves the name of Gallo-Greeks, because they mingled with the Greek population of the country and Phrygian ^{Organization of Galatia}

Geographically, their location is bounded by the kingdom of Pontus and Paphlagonia north, Cappadocia to the east, the kingdom of Pergamum in the south and Bithynia in the west. They are appointed by the common name of Commonwealth of Galatians (in Greek in Latin

This community is composed of three key people:

• the Trocme are located inland, is their capital Ancyra (now Ankara )
• the Tectosages have the cities of Pessinus , Gordion and Tolistotoca
• the Tolistoboges have cities (Tavium) and Eccobriga.

Each of these people is composed of a tetrarchy which political power is shared between a chef, a judge (dikasts) and commander (stratophylax), the latter having two officers under his command (hypostratophylax).

The Galatians are a confederation of states warriors, led by a military aristocracy. If you believe Strabo , the tetrarchs and the 300 board members meet in the Drunemeton (see Nemeton ), visit the sanctuary where justice and other matters. Their economy is based on livestock, but especially the raids, looting, ransom, with a reputation for cruelty.

Entering the Roman Empire

Galatian warrior wounded statue of the agora of the Italians at Delos , ca 100 BC. BC , National Archaeological Museum of Athens

The Galatians are set to cut the cities of Asia Minor, battling against Pergamum and joining the Seleucids Antigonus II Gonatas and Hierax. In -189 , an expedition led by Roman Manlius Vulso havoc Galatia. Eumenes II , king of Pergamum, the conqueror of Gaul, would have even annexed Galatia in -183. However, a senatus-consulte of the Roman Senate grants autonomy to the Galatians -166.

The Galatians are fighting against Mithridates of Pontus and destroy an army corps in -73.

The administrative reorganization of Asia Minor by Pompey transferred power to three princes, under the supervision of Tolistobogien Diotaros , which is made king (66 BC.) A new reorganization will take place with Antoine , expanding the territory of Galatia, but confident the power to faithful men, strangers to the ruling families (37/36 BC.)

She evangelized from the beginning of the Christian era. St. Paul wrote an epistle to the Galatians is part of the New Testament.

In ^the fourth century , St. Jerome relates that the Galatians of Ancyra speak Gallic of Trier .

Trivia

The name of this people has remained present in Turkey with the name of the Galata district of Istanbul.

The Galatasaray High School (Galata Palace) is close to the former district of Galatians.

References

Notes

Notes

Sources and bibliography

• Paul-Marie Duval , the gods of Gaul, Editions Payot, Paris, February 1993, 169 p. ( ISBN 2-228-88621-1 ).
  Reissue increased by a book published originally in 1957 in the PUF. Paul-Marie Duval distinguishes the Gallic Celtic mythology syncretism due to the Gallo-Roman times.
• Albert Grenier , Les Gaulois, Small library Payot, Paris, August 1994, 365 p. ( ISBN 2-228-88838-9 ).
  Reissue increased by a book published originally in 1970. Albert Grenier said the Indo-European, describes their social organization, culture and religion by making the link with the insular Celts.
• Christian-J. Guyonvarc'h , Magic, divination and medicine among the Celts, Science Library Payot, Paris, 1997, ( ISBN 2-228-89112-6 ).
• Christian-J. Guyonvarc'h and Franoise Le Roux :
  • Druids, Ouest-France University, al. "From time immemorial: the history, Rennes, 1986 ( ISBN 2-85882-920-9 );
  • Celtic Civilisation, Ouest-France University, al. "From time immemorial: the history, Rennes, 1990 ( ISBN 2-7373-0297-8 );
  • The Celtic Festivals, Ouest-France University, al. "From time immemorial: the history, Rennes, April 1995, 216 p. ( ISBN 2-7373-1198-7 ).
    Volume on four major religious festivals: Samhain, Imbolc, Beltaine, Lugnasad.
• Philippe Jouet , The Sources of Celtic mythology, Yoran Embanner Fouesnant, 2007 ( ISBN 978-2-914855-37-0 ).
• Kruta Wenceslas , The Celts, History and Dictionary, Editions Robert Laffont, coll. "Mouthpieces", Paris, 2000 ( ISBN 2-7028-6261-6 ).
• Claude Sterckx , Mythology of the Celtic world, Marabout, Paris, October 2009, 470 p. ( ISBN 978-2-501-05410-2 ) .
• See also the Bibliography on Celtic mythology and Celtic Bibliography on civilization .

• Christian Joseph Guyonvarc'h and Franoise Le Roux , The Celtic League, Ouest-France Universit al. "From time immemorial: the history, Rennes, 1991, ( ISBN 2-7373-0902-6 )
• John Haywood, Historical Atlas of the Celts, Otherwise, al. "Atlas / Memory", Paris, 2002, ( ISBN 2-7467-0187-1 )
• The Celts, collective work (exhibition catalog European Archaeology Celtic), Bompiani editions, Plazzo Grassi - Venice, 1991 ( ISBN 2-23700-484-6 )
• Edward Will, Political History of Hellenistic World 323-30. AD, Seuil, coll. "Points History, Paris, 2003, ( ISBN 2-02-060387-X )

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