Etymology Of Al Andalus In Andalusia
The etymology of al-Andalus and the Andalusia has been in the last three centuries of assumptions most varied, ranging from the Garden of the Hesperides to the Atlantis , but in 1989, the historian and Islamic scholar German Heinz Halm showed that the name of al-Andalus from the Arabization of the designation Visigothic of Spain :
Summary |
The most recent hypothesis: hypothesis Heinz Halm
The historian and Islamic scholar German Heinz Halm has shown .
Heinz Halm poses the first two observations as follows:
- the Visigoths were carrying out the division of conquered lands by lottery
- in Latin texts that have survived, the Visigothic kingdom of Spain is called "Gothica Sors," which means "draw gothic": the Visigoths therefore designated their kingdom by the name of their system of land allocation.
He then assumed that the Gothic language equivalent of "Gothica Sors" was * landa-hlauts (land allocation by lot "), composed of * landa-" earth "and * hlauts" fate, inheritance. "
This term has been used by the Arabs in the eighth century and distorted phonetically in al-Andalus :
- landa-hlauts> landa-Laut> landa-lute> read landa-> al-Andalus
This assumption is echoed by experts such as Marianne Barrucand, Professor Emeritus of Islamic Art at the University of Paris IV - Sorbonne and a specialist in Islamic Archaeology.
Assumptions previous
Hypothesis Miguel Casiri
According to the Orientalist Lebanese eighteenth centuryCasiri Miguel , "al-Andalus" derives from the word Arab Handalusia which means "the region in the evening of the West" and thus equivalent to the Hesperia of Greeks ( Garden of the Hesperides ) .
Assumption of Anville, Dozy and Lvi-Provenal
According to the geographer and cartographer French eighteenth centuryJean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville , the name of al-Andalus would come from the Vandals who occupied the south of Spain from 407 to 429 and would have called Vandalusia " .
This hypothesis was adopted by several scholars Orientalists of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as Reinhart Dozy (1820-1883) and Evariste Lvi-Provenal (1894-1956).
Although still very widespread in non-specialized structures, this assumption is highly criticized by experts such as Marianne Barrucand :
- phonetic processing of "Vandals" (the Germanic name of the Vandals) in al-Andalus' is impossible Hypothesis Vallv Joaqun Bermejo
The Spanish historian Joaqun Bermejo Vallv in 1986 made the assumption that "Andalus" meant "Atlantis" in ancient Arabic.
This hypothesis is based on the simple fact that it is phonetically plausible but it is not based on historical evidence.
Moreover, in modern Arabic, "Atlantis" said Atlantis.
References
- a , b , c and d Marianne Barrucand and Achim Bednorz, Moorish Architecture in Andalusia, PML Publishing, 1995, p.12
- Heinz Halm , Al-Andalus und Gothica Sors in Welt des Orients, 66, 1989, p. 252-263
- Marianne Barrucand and Achim Bednorz, Moorish Architecture in Andalusia, PML Publishing, 1995, p. 13
- Miguel Casiri , Bibl. Arabic-Hispana t.2, p. 327
- Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville , United States of Europe, p. 146-147
- Vallv Bermejo, Joaquin, The Territorial Divisions of Muslim Spain, 1986
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