Digital Library
A digital library (or online or mail) is a collection of documents (texts, images, sounds) digital (that is to say digitized or born digital) remote access (especially internet ). These can be elaborate, such as electronic books , or much more raw.
We can distinguish digital libraries under direct commercial (Eden pounds) or indirect ( Google Books , Youtube , etc ...) and more economic projects to provide better access to important cultural documents ( Europeana , Classic Science social ).
Digital libraries are often thematic (texts, photographs, films) but we also encountered general.
The Internet can be regarded in itself as a huge digital library.
Summary |
Technology
A digital library consists of one share of digital records stored in a certain format and other software to share their management.
Formats
We no longer speak for many media formats such as documents, compression of encoding (for video and sound) as well as type of scan (text or image mode) if applicable. This new delivery method has many advantages in terms of accessibility (at any time, any place equipped with internet). By cons it does not alone ensure lasting quality and conservation.
In heritage projects from retro-scan (that is to say, scanning texts produced initially in paper format) is dominant. We can note two different practices one is to upload scanned images of paper copies ( Gallica is an example) and the other is online texts recovered unqiue gross (like Project Gutenberg ). Upload plain text may require additional work extraction ( OCR ), but reduces the file size and allows searches, reformatting, corrections, etc.. Both approaches can be complementary to the extent that an organization that puts books online mode "image" can serve as a source for another organism creates a text version.
Software
Digital libraries by type of document
Digital Image Library
- Flickr
- Youtube
- Dailymotion
- notrehistoire.ch
Libraries Digital Sound
- Radio Arte
Digital Library of texts
History
The Project Gutenberg was the first to set (before the Internet ) for free download, works passed into the public domain.
On December 14, 2004, the company Google was an agreement with four U.S. libraries and a British post, within its project Google Books , their content as both image and text. The National Library of France has raised in response to the draft European Digital Library (Europeana).
Lists
- Google Books , the largest library of texts actuelllement on the Web.
- archive.org, developed by a U.S. nonprofit, using free software, archive.org is currently the only credible competitor to Google Books.
- Distributed Proofreaders site offering a list of sites by providing books in image format.
- Perseus French portal offering free access to historical collections of major French journals in humanities and social sciences.
- Calame, Union Catalogue of Manuscripts Calames now offers digital preservation of manuscripts and their visualization.
- Gallica, developed by the National Library of France.
- European Navigator , the first digital library on the history of European integration Digital Libraries GPs
- European digital library , portal went online in November 2008 by taking the name Europeana began as that of a prototype launched by France , the Hungary and Portugal (see also Office for Official Publications of the European Communities ).
- HOPE - Heritage of the People's Europe , digital library project in the field of social history
References
Notes
- World Digital Library Project developed by UNESCO and the Library of Congress. Objectives qualitative, not quantitative (showcase).
- Wikisource The free library.
- Internet Archive.
- Rubric Library's digital site science.gouv.fr
- Digital Library enssib (National School of Information Science and Libraries)
- Digitised - Selected digitized from various agencies.
- Library Brasiliana
- Cassava: digital library Caribbean, the Amazon, the Guiana Shield
- Approach in multimedia , we can consider the thematic galleries of the Hall of the song as a full digital collections.
- Www.divvalib.com portal to visualize what the future an interactive library, immersive multimedia in entire books or book excerpts, search engines, and creation of personal libraries.
External link
- Category Digital Library Directory dmoz
Digital LibraryGP Digitized books World Digital Library - Europeana - Gallica - Google Books - Internet Archive Structures reformatted Project Gutenberg - Wikisource Multimedia Internet Archive Themes Digitized books AnimalBase - BHL - Perseus - Rare Book Room - Normannia Structures reformatted Classics of Social Sciences - Project Runeberg Multimedia European Navigator
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