Dalton Trumbo
| Dalton Trumbo | |
| Birth name | James Dalton Trumbo |
|---|---|
| Birth | 9 December 1905 Montrose , Colorado |
| Nationality |  United States |
| Deaths | 10 September 1976 Los Angeles , California |
| Occupation (s) | writer , writer , director |
| Notable Films | Exodus ; Spartacus ; Johnny Goes to War |
| Honors | Oscar for best original story for Roman Holiday in 1954 (credited in 1992) and the sounds have ceased in 1956 (awarded in 1975) FIPRESCI Award and Grand Jury Prize at Cannes for Johnny Goes to War in 1971 |
Dalton Trumbo, screenwriter , director and writer American born 9 December 1905 in Montrose in Colorado and died on 10 September 1976 in Los Angeles.
He is best known as the author and film director Johnny Goes to War and for being one of ten of Hollywood.
Summary |
Biography
Youth and early in the cinema (1905-1947)
Dalton Trumbo was born in Colorado in 1905. At the age of twenty he left for California. He worked as a baker at night, while the day he attended the University of Southern California. At the end of his studies, he began to write articles as a freelance journalist.
In 1933 he became editor of the magazine Hollywood Spectator, a publication of film critics. The magazine continues a year later. Trumbo was hired as a lecturer at the Warner Bros. until 1936. He was referred because he refuses to resign from the Screen Writer's Guild , a union strongly anchored on the left. He wrote several screenplays, no great importance for the Screen Writers Guild and became an activist in several organizations on the left. He is a member of the Anti-Nazi League (Anti-Nazi League), the Committee in defense of Negro rights (human rights committee of the blacks), the Committee Against War and Fascism (committee against war and fascism) etc..
In 1938 , he married Cleo Beth Fincher, he has three children with her. That year, he wrote Johnny Got His Gun. He also wrote the screenplay for his first "great movie" A Man to Remember by Garson Kanin. He quickly became one of the highest paid screenwriters in Hollywood. He has an ability to write very quickly: one day he can come up with three, four versions of the same scene. In 1941 , Kitty Foyle , directed by Sam Wood , was nominated for an Oscar for best screenplay. There is also a great pamphleteer.
In 1941 , shortly after the German invasion of the USSR, while the CPSU has taken a 180 turn on the issue of entry into the war, Johnny Goes to War is exhausted and the extreme American right pressured him and his publisher for a reprint. This convinces him that it was "exactly the kind of book should not be reprinted before the end of the war." He even informed the FBI of the actions of these correspondents, causing the start of his troubles with this one. The Dark Years (1947-1960) In October 1947 , the House of Un-American Activities Committee (Committee on Un-American Activities) met in Washington and began hearings to determine which individuals are "deviant" from the Hollywood world. Trumbo was one of the Hollywood Ten , when he refused to answer the question: "Are you still or have you been a member of the Communist Party? . The ten invoke the First Amendment (freedom of expression and assembly) to justify their refusal to answer, the commission, meanwhile, said they insult the Congress. Trumbo was sentenced to a prison sentence he performs in 1950 for 11 months. Trumbo did not categorically refuse to answer the question, but does not like the Committee wishes. An example of this is the following excerpt from Dalton Trumbo's hearing before the committee: The atmosphere was tense for a while Trumbo also wanted to add a statement in which he has an offensive defense, denying the legitimacy of the court and comparing the situation to the Reichstag fire in 1933 which had helped establish the power of Hitler. Furthermore, it is inscribed on the " Hollywood blacklist , "which in fact prevents him from working in cinema. He went into exile in Mexico with Hugo Butler and his wife Jean Rouverol also blacklisted. There he meets Luis Buuel and a friendly relationship develops between the two filmmakers. He then speaks of a project dear to his heart: the film adaptation of the book he wrote in 1938 , Johnny Goes to War. From there, he continues to write for the American cinema under assumed names, Millard Kaufman (Gun Crazy in 1950) and Robert Rich, with whom he even wins the Oscar for best screenplay for The cries have been silenced by Irving Rapper , in 1956. From 1957 , all will contribute to weaken the power of the blacklist. It is officially released from the blacklist in 1960 , when Otto Preminger for Exodus , calls Dalton Trumbo was credited under his real name in the credits. The company United Artists , traditional liberal and leftist, agreed. Kirk Douglas made retroactive so the same thing with the film released the same year, Spartacus , directed by Stanley Kubrick. In 1971 , he directed his only film, an adaptation of his novel Johnny Goes to War. The film was shown at Cannes and is congratulated by Jean Renoir and Luis Buuel. He won the Grand Jury Prize. He died of a myocardial infarction at the age of 71 years, 10 September 1976. The Committee on Un-American Activities
The blacklist
Consecration (1960-1976)
Awards
Bibliography
Filmography
Director
Writer
Other
Trivia
References
See also
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