Classical Music
Are commonly understood terms of classical music throughout the music Western scholarship , as opposed to popular music since the Renaissance until today. More exactly, the word refers only to classical the music of the classical period written between the mid-eighteenth century ( 1.74 thousand - 1 750 ) and the advent of romanticism in the years 1820 Classical music, folk music The frontier that defines the classical music of popular music is sometimes thin. Firstly, the music of the Renaissance (called classical) derives its sources from both Gregorian chant as the secular music of troubadours and minstrels medieval (all noble at first, then the "bourgeois", enlightened, educated, and So practicing the art of composition not so popular that it, not to be confused with "minstrels" popular buskers, trained in many schools " mnestrandie "ancestors of Academies and Conservatories today: from the beginning, the distinction "People" / "scholar" is incredibly complex). Conversely, the pop music of the twentieth century is based mostly on the tonal system , phased in from the Baroque to the dawn of the seventeenth century, and the tempered scale (late eighteenth century). The connections between the two main families of European music are so numerous, which makes it all the more vague term classical music. In addition, the term classical music (music that deserves to be emulated) underlies the notion of repertoire, before the nineteenth century, is simply anachronistic. (We did not previously cared for "fame", we were just more simple or complex, depending on his technical background staff.) Besides the conscious use of musical techniques and a highly developed formal organization, it is probably the existence of a directory that differentiate the most likely classical music, popular music, and has been since the beginning of the Renaissance. The essence of popular music is little or no writing, orally transmitted, which limits the formation of a secured directory. Scholarly musical tradition differentiates the interpreter of the composer , who wrote his works not only for himself, but possibly also (or sometimes exclusively) for other musicians, then vectors themselves to reach the listener. Popular music is so rooted in its time, but there would survive only with difficulty, while classical music is designed to withstand the test of time through generations of performers and analysts (musicologists) through scores very completely recorded. Classical music would have therefore what Nicholas Cook called an "aesthetic capital" , that is to say, a directory , by the distinction between performer and composer, while popular music is written for and / or a musician or a band for himself , . Always after Nicholas Cook, the design of the music that our age has inherited dates from the nineteenth century and is mainly due to the character of Ludwig van Beethoven . The concept of repertoire, "Music Museum" which Liszt claim the foundation in 1835 as an institution, there was absolutely no pre-Romantic era. Thus, composers such as Jean-Philippe Rameau , Johann Sebastian Bach and Joseph Haydn wrote their works for a specific occasion (Sunday Mass or dinner of Prince Esterhzy , for example), and everything suggests that none of No one expected them to do his work for posterity. One example is the famous St Matthew Passion , whose execution in 1829 by Felix Mendelssohn was the first since the creation of the work, a hundred years earlier. Similarly, we know with enough certainty that a significant fraction of their work is unknown to us (only 126 of the 200 cantatas that Bach wrote in Leipzig have been received). These composers often reused materials for writing a work of another as the method of the parody. Thus the entire first Brandenburg Concerto by Johann Sebastian Bach she finds in the cantatas BWV 52 and BWV 207 and the Sinfonia BWV 1071; its eight harpsichord concertos are arrangements of earlier works, his Mass in B minor consists essentially of pages taken from various earlier works. This further emphasizes that Nicholas Cook, is that the term classical music has been created to describe precisely the works of this musical museum imaginary museum that did not exist before the nineteenth century . The notion of classical music would have been formed subsequent half of the music she is supposed to designate and is therefore more than questionable. The advent of the museum's contemporary music was the opening of the museum of fine arts or natural sciences. One can not underestimate the influence that popular music has had in the history of music on classical music. The Baroque music uses and invents new dances such as the popular chaconne , the jitter , the gavotte , the minuet , elements incorporated into the suite of dances , establishing a close relationship with popular music. In France, organists take the melodies of traditional Christmas carols into a popular genre: the Christmas variety. It is also the popularity of tambourines , rigaudons , bagpipes found in both the instrumental music in the lyric tragedy or pastoral , for example at Branch. The music for harpsichord by Domenico Scarlatti incorporates a popular musical tradition Iberian , and Georg Philipp Telemann , prolific and eclectic musician, suffered the same charm of the tunes Poland recently reunited with Saxony. Even Bach's Suites, knows neither drunk nor Polish. Later in the eighteenth century classical composers as Joseph Haydn benefit music and rustic themes. When waking up in the nineteenth century nationalism , the European music scene were completely changed. Music becomes a means of expressing national identity, oppressed or triumphant. We can not minimize the importance that might have composers like Edvard Grieg and Antonin Dvorak , who, using folk themes campaigns Czech or Norwegian , were instrumental in forging a national consciousness in their respective homelands. The Hungarian Dances by Johannes Brahms , the Polish Chopin are among the most famous examples, but all the music of composers like Leos Janacek , Franz Liszt , Henryk Wieniawski or Sergei Rachmaninoff is deeply marked by their national folklore, helping to create a own style and easily recognizable to every nation, every people. It is then that inspired themes and melodies of folk and use them in a highly romantic. Later, other composers such as Bela Bartok and Georges Enesco experience grow much further, building on their original language music villages Hungarian and Romanian. In addition, the contribution of music such as jazz or blues has scored a lot of composers like Maurice Ravel and George Gershwin , to name only the most famous of them. Near or far, almost all art music of the twentieth century is influenced by various popular styles. However, the contribution of classical music to popular music is no less important. The tonal language , used by the vast majority of musicians variety was developed at the beginning of the Baroque period. In addition, the various popular music are generally related directly or indirectly to a piece of classical repertoire, even if these influences are rarely claimed . However, the use of a tonal system could not be more conventional by pop groups like Oasis , with chords and harmonic progressions worthy of the purest tradition classical , or influences by composers Baroque ( Vivaldi and bach ) on guitarists hard rock or heavy metal such as Eddie Van Halen and Randy Rhoads are quite detectable by ear warned. Furthermore, classical music has played a major importance in the progressive rock with bands like Yes , Genesis and Emerson, Lake and Palmer also seen as groups of symphonic rock. Classical music also plays an important role in the film music , either by reusing pre-existing compositions, or by the influence it plays on the film's original compositions. 
Composers and Performers
An anachronism: Beethoven and the Birth Directory
Influence on popular classical music
Baroque and Classical Periods
XIX century
XX century
The influence of classical music on popular music
Bibliography
References
Loading ...