Civil War In Al Andalus
History of al-Andalus  |
|---|
| 711 to 756 The Conquest |
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756 - 1031 The Umayyads of Cordoba |
1031-1086 The Taifa |
1086-1147 The Almoravids |
1147-1226 Almohads |
1238 - 1492 The Kingdom of Granada |
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| Reconquista |
| Related Topics |
| Rulers of al-Andalus |
| Science and technology |
| Maps of al-Andalus |
The civil war in Al-Andalus is a period that saw the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. It begins with the death of Al-Mansur in 1002 and ends with the formation of Taifa , in 1040.
Summary |
Causes
Until the death of Al-Hakam II in 976 , the Caliphate of Cordoba , was a powerful state, respected and feared by the Christian kingdoms. His son Hassan II was still a child, and the vizier Al-Mansur took power and kept it, making a Prince Hicham puppets. The strength of the state Umayyad based on the cohabitation of different ethnic groups Islamic. To establish and maintain power, Almanzor favored the Berbers , to the detriment of others. He knew how to keep his power and transmit it to his son Abd al-Malik , but the latter's government was shaken by numerous conspiracies. Abd al-Malik died in 1008 , leaving power to his brother Abd al-Rahman Sanjul or Abderramn Sanchuelo. The latter persuaded the caliph Hisham II to designate him as heir to the caliphate.
Civil war
Taking advantage of the absence of Sanchuelo, went to fight King Alfonso V of Len , the Umayyad Muhammad II overthrew his cousin Caliph Hisham II and proclaimed himself caliph (1009). Sanchuelo returned in haste to Cordoba, but the morale of his army was at its lowest, and most of his soldiers deserted, so he was easily captured when he arrived in Cordoba and executed.
Muhammad went quickly unpopular, and opposition formed around another Umayyad, Sulayman. Supported by the Berbers, he rebelled, and drove Muhammad himself became caliph (1009). These struggles prompted the Hammudites , a family with Malaga and Algeciras, to proclaim, then walk on Cordoba, where they dethroned Sulayman to the caliphate. But they soon began to tear them, and lost power in 1023.
The Umayyad Abd al-Rahman V became caliph (1023), but to fill the coffers of the state that were empty, had recourse to tax, which weighed heavily on the population. He was overthrown by another revolution (1024). Other three Caliphs, Umayyad and two hammoudide succeeded until 1031, date on which the bourgeoisie of Cordoba and drove the last Umayyad Caliphate abolished.
Consequences
The movement, initiated by Hammoudides with the proclamation of the kingdoms of Malaga and Algsirias, became widespread during this period and led to fragmentation of the caliphate in a series of Taifa kingdoms. This period will not bring peace as long as these kingdoms will fight them. It was not until 1085, after the reconquest of some of the Taifa by Christians that the Almoravids will land in Spain to reunite Al-Andalus.
Sources
- Andre Clot , Muslim Spain (Eighth ~ XV century), Perrin, Paris 1999 (reprint 1999), 429 p. ( ISBN 2-262-01425-6 ) [ retail editions ]
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